Python3之Django Web框架的双下划线跨表查询，聚合查询，分组查询

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
    bid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    bname = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    bpub_date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
    bprice = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    author = models.ManyToManyField('Author')
    publisher = models.ForeignKey('Publisher')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.bname


class Author(models.Model):
    aid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    aname = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    aqq = models.IntegerField()
    publisher = models.ForeignKey('Publisher')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.aname


class AuthorDetail(models.Model):
    adid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    aage = models.IntegerField()
    atel = models.IntegerField()
    author = models.OneToOneField('Author')


class Publisher(models.Model):
    pid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    pname = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    ptel = models.IntegerField()
    paddr = models.CharField(max_length=1000)

双下划线跨表查询：

正向查询：
    根据本对象所在字段可以查出对应的对象及对象的属性；
    models.Book.objects.filter(author__aname='egon').values('publisher__pname ')
反向查询：
    和正向是一样的，只是查找的时候直接用类名，不需要加_set即可；

聚合查询：

from django.db.models import Avg,Count,Max,Min,Sum
models.Book.objects.aggregate(Avg('price'))

分组查询(annotate的意思是注解，可以产生一个新的字段给对象用)：

from django.db.models import Avg,Count,Max,Min,Sum
#按照每一本书分组:
models.Book.objects.annotate(book_count=Count('bid'))
#按照特定的字段分组:
models.Book.objects.values('publish__pid').annotate(book_count=Count('bid'))