docker容器内配置apt-get软件源

我的docker容器启动后，进入容器内想使用curl命令，发现报错没有这个命令

root@nginx-dp-5dfc689474-4vx64:/# curl www.baidu.com
bash: curl: command not found

于是尝试安装curl，也报错了

root@nginx-dp-5dfc689474-4vx64:/# apt-get install -y curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package curl

原因是软件源默认的是国外的，连接不上，默认的如下：

root@nginx-dp-5dfc689474-4vx64:/# cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy main
deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy-updates main
deb http://security.debian.org wheezy/updates main
deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian/ wheezy nginx

所以要换成国内的，我用的是阿里的软件源，执行两个命令：

root@nginx-dp-5dfc689474-pmfgb:~# tee /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security stretch/updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security stretch/updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
EOF

更新：

root@nginx-dp-5dfc689474-pmfgb:~# apt-get update

然后就可以安装curl了：

root@nginx-dp-5dfc689474-pmfgb:~# apt-get install -y curl

完成。特别要注意的是，从网上复制的一大段源地址，不能出现拼写错误，即使存在一个英文字母写错了，都会导致命令apt-get update报错

上面方式不行的话，可以一键替换源：

sudo sed -i -r 's#http://(archive|security).ubuntu.com#https://mirrors.aliyun.com#g' /etc/apt/sources.list && sudo apt-get update

再不行可以修改/etc/apt/source.list

tee /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
EOF

然后再apt-get update应该就行了

如果还不行，再试试清华大学源
写入/etc/apt/source.list

tee /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

然后执行

apt-get update

然后就可以安装软件了，如

apt-get install -y curl