Spring Boot整合MQ（消息队列）可以使用
Spring Boot集成的JMS（Java消息服务）或A
MQP（高级消息队列协议）实现。下面是使用A
MQP的步骤：
1. 添加A
MQP依赖
在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖：
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.
springframework.
boot</groupId>
<artifactId>
spring-
boot-starter-a
mqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
```
2. 配置连接信息
在application.properties文件中添加以下配置：
```properties
spring.rabbit
mq.host=localhost
spring.rabbit
mq.port=5672
spring.rabbit
mq.username=guest
spring.rabbit
mq.password=guest
```
3. 创建消息发送者
```java
import org.
springframework.a
mqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.
springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.
springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MessageSender {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
public void sendMessage(String message) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("my-exchange", "my-routing-key", message);
}
}
```
4. 创建消息接收者
```java
import org.
springframework.a
mqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.
springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MessageReceiver {
@RabbitListener(queues = "my-queue")
public void receiveMessage(String message) {
System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
}
}
```
5. 配置消息队列
```java
import org.
springframework.a
mqp.core.Binding;
import org.
springframework.a
mqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.
springframework.a
mqp.core.Queue;
import org.
springframework.a
mqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.
springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.
springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class Rabbit
MQConfig {
@Bean
public Queue myQueue() {
return new Queue("my-queue");
}
@Bean
public TopicExchange myExchange() {
return new TopicExchange("my-exchange");
}
@Bean
public Binding binding(Queue myQueue, TopicExchange myExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(myQueue).to(myExchange).with("my-routing-key");
}
}
```
6. 测试
创建一个
Spring Boot应用程序，然后使用MessageSender发送消息，MessageReceiver将接收到该消息。
```java
import org.
springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.
springframework.
boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.
springframework.
boot.
SpringApplication;
import org.
springframework.
boot.autoconfigure.
SpringBootApplication;
@
SpringBootApplication
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {
@Autowired
private MessageSender messageSender;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
messageSender.sendMessage("Hello, world!");
}
}
```
可以在控制台看到以下输出：
```
Received message: Hello, world!
```
本文详细介绍了如何在SpringBoot中整合ActiveMQ、Kafka、RocketMQ和RabbitMQ，包括配置步骤、消息模型、操作接口和监听器的使用。讲解了JMS、AMQP和MQTT的消息规范及优缺点，并提供了相应的代码实现链接。
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