mysql 链接查询 左链接on 和where条件如何写？

先说结论

1. on 后面加关联的条件 where 后面加过滤的条件
2. 左表过滤必须放where条件中，右表过滤必须放on条件中，这样结果才能不多不少，刚刚好。

建立2个表实验一下：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `class`(
`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
`card` INT (10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `book`(
`bookid` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
`card` INT (10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL
);

插入数据

INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO class(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
 
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));
INSERT INTO book(card)VALUES(FLOOR(1+(RAND()*20)));

class表：

book表：

关联查询：

select c.*,b.* from class c left join book b on c.card = b.card

发现最多有29条记录。

select c.*,b.* from class c left join book b on c.card = b.card and c.id = 9

on 条件对 左边过滤 ，结果有21条，说明根本没有起到过滤对效果。

select c.*,b.* from class c left join book b on c.card = b.card and b.bookid = 9

on 条件 对右表过滤，左边还是全部查询出来

但是on条件 无论条件对左表还是右表 结果 对右表都有过滤作用。

where条件就不写了

left join on 和where条件的放置