linux Ubuntu 18.04 部署mysql 问题解决，修改密码

 

 

一. 卸载与安装

1.卸载

执行下面四条命令，可以很干净的卸载，这样之后的安装，就不会出现问题

sudo rm /var/lib/mysql -R

sudo rm /etc/mysql -R

sudo apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge

sudo apt -get remove apparmor

2.安装

1)安装前更新一下系统软件

　　sudo apt update

　　sudo apt upgrade

（补充点：update是更新软件列表，upgrade是更新软件）

2)安装mysql

　　sudo apt install mysql-server

 

我这块遇到问题：

linux@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树       
正在读取状态信息... 完成       
有一些软件包无法被安装。如果您用的是 unstable 发行版，这也许是
因为系统无法达到您要求的状态造成的。该版本中可能会有一些您需要的软件
包尚未被创建或是它们已被从新到(Incoming)目录移出。
下列信息可能会对解决问题有所帮助：

下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系：
 mysql-server : 依赖: mysql-server-5.7 但是它将不会被安装
E: 无法修正错误，因为您要求某些软件包保持现状，就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系。
 

解决方法：更换源

先备份一份源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

国内有很多Ubuntu的镜像源，包括阿里的、网易的，还有很多教育网的源，比如：清华源、中科大源。
 

##中科大源

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 

阿里源：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

 

163源：

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

清华源：

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 

然后打开这个源文件

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

可在视图窗口更换你的源  我换的是阿里源

换完之后保存关闭

执行

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

则重新开始安装：

sudo apt-get install mysql-server
 
sudo  apt-get install mysql-client
 
 sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
 
 sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
 
//通过上述命令检查之后，如果看到有mysql 的socket处于 listen 状态则表示安装成功。

 

 

2.配置本机登录

.进入到etc/mysql 目录下，查看debian.cnf文件

cd /etc/mysql

sudo cat debian.cnf

linux@ubuntu:/etc/mysql$ sudo cat debian.cnf 
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = bzrTp3UQ7JeKipzk
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = bzrTp3UQ7JeKipzk
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

可看到用户名及密码

登录：

mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p
//注意! 
//这条指令的密码输入是输入第一条指令获得的信息中的 password = ZCt7QB7d8O3rFKQZ 得来。
//请根据自己的实际情况填写！

登录完第一件事请改密码；

说是改密码其实是添加一个用户，使用中老年上网冲浪术，我们给自己加一个用户：

use mysql;
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root' and Host ='localhost';
update user set plugin="mysql_native_password"; 
flush privileges;
quit;

这个是这mysql里面执行的

用户名：root

密码：root

然后重启：

sudo service mysql restart
mysql -u root -p // 启动后输入已经修改好的密码：root

成功登录；