Django - DRF - 视图优化组件

目录

一、实现数据库的增删改查 - 未优化常规写法（两个路由两个视图）

1-1 两条路由分发 - 接参不接参

 1-2 Serializers用于获取数据序列化

1-3 视图函数

二、优化方式一 - GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin……

2-1 视图函数 + 路由设计

2-2 视图优化思路 - 单独提出重复代码，封装成类及方法

2-3 源码分析

2-3-1   GenericAPIView  - 视图优化基类

2-3-2  ListModelMixin - 用于get获取数据列表

2-3-3 CreateModelMixin - 创建对象

2-3-4 RetrieveModelMixin - 获取单个对象

2-3-5 UpdateModelMixin - 更新单个对象

2-3-6  DestroyModelMixin - 删除对象

三、方式二- ListCreateAPIView、RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView

3-1 视图函数

3-2 源码分析

3-2-1 ListCreateAPIView

3-2-2 RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView 

3-2-3  RetrieveDestroyAPIView

3-2-4 RetrieveUpdateAPIView

四、方式三 - ModelViewSet 配合 urls路由（不推荐）

4-1 路由设计

4-2 视图函数

4-3 源码分析

---

一、实现数据库的增删改查 - 未优化常规写法（两个路由两个视图）

1-1 两条路由分发 - 接参不接参

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view()),
    url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishDetailView.as_view()),
]

 1-2 Serializers用于获取数据序列化

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models

class PublishSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Publish
        fields = '__all__'

1-3 视图函数

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from django.http import JsonResponse
from app01 import MySerializer

class PublishView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        publish_list = models.Publish.objects.all()
        ser = MySerializer.PublishSerializers(publish_list, many=True)
        return JsonResponse(ser.data, safe=False)

    def post(self, request):
        ser = MySerializer.PublishSerializers(data=request.data)
        if ser.is_valid():
            ser.save()
            return JsonResponse(ser.data, safe=False)
        else:
            return JsonResponse(ser.errors, safe=False)


class PublishDetailView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        publish_obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ser = MySerializer.PublishSerializers(publish_obj, many=False)
        return JsonResponse(ser.data, safe=False)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        publish_obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ser = MySerializer.PublishSerializers(data=request.data, instance=publish_obj)
        if ser.is_valid():
            ser.save()
            return JsonResponse(ser.data, safe=False)
        else:
            return JsonResponse(ser.errors, safe=False)

    def delete(self, request, pk):
        models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()
        return JsonResponse("delete", safe=False)

二、优化方式一 - GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin……

总结：

• ListModelMixin - 获取对象列表
• CreateModelMixin - 创建对象数据
• RetrieveModelMixin - 获取指定对象数据
• UpdateModelMixin - 更新对象数据
• DestroyModelMixin - 删除对象数据

2-1 视图函数 + 路由设计

'''
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view()),
    url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishDetailView.as_view()),
]

'''

from app01 import models
from app01 import MySerializer
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, \
    DestroyModelMixin

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView


class PublishView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MySerializer.PublishSerializers

    def get(self, request):
        return self.list(request)

    def post(self, request):
        return self.create(request)


class PublishDetailView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MySerializer.PublishSerializers

    def get(self, request, pk):
        return self.retrieve(request, pk)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        return self.update(request, pk)

    def delete(self, request, pk):
        return self.destroy(request, pk)

2-2 视图优化思路 - 单独提出重复代码，封装成类及方法

'''
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view()),
    url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishDetailView.as_view()),
]

'''

'''
数据库的增删改查逻辑，提出来封装成类，以及类内的方法
'''
class List:
    def list(self, request):
        # queryset : Publish.objects.all(),serializers : PublishSerializers
        queryset = self.queryset.all()
        ser = self.serializers(queryset, many=True)
        return JsonResponse(ser.data, safe=False)


class Create:
    def create(self, request):
        print(request.data