关于JavaScript与Android、IOS的简单交互

先讲一下本篇文章的一个简单的需求：

上图分为标题块与内容块，标题块在Android和iOS客户端实现，内容块由web实现，

但是标题块的标题每个页面有不同，所以便需要将标题文字string由web发送给客户端，

在客户端再做代码处理，由此引出交互问题。

前端web的部分：

我在js文件中写了一个统一的方法，

var fun = {
    public: {
        jsCommunication: function() {
            // session管理标题的保存
            var str = sessionStorage.getItem("title");
            try {
                // window.seatelGoBack.jsMethod(str);
                exec_syn("APP", "setTitle", JSON.stringify({ name: str, url: window.location.href}));
            }catch (e) {
                console.error(e.message);
            }
            console.log(str + "+" + window.location.href);
        }
    }
}

然后在每个页面根据不同的逻辑做调用

sessionStorage.setItem("title", fun.trans.questionTit.zh);
fun.public.jsCommunication();

exec_syn方法是从哪来的呢

// Platform:IOS
// Version:1.0

//浏览器判断
var browser = {
    versions: function () {
        var u = navigator.userAgent, app = navigator.appVersion;
        return {
            trident: u.indexOf('Trident') > -1, //IE内核
            presto: u.indexOf('Presto') > -1, //opera内核
            webKit: u.indexOf('AppleWebKit') > -1, //苹果、谷歌内核
            gecko: u.indexOf('Gecko') > -1 && u.indexOf('KHTML') == -1,//火狐内核
            mobile: !!u.match(/AppleWebKit.*Mobile.*/), //是否为移动终端
            ios: !!u.match(/\(i[^;]+;( U;)? CPU.+Mac OS X/), //ios终端
            android: u.indexOf('Android') > -1 || u.indexOf('Adr') > -1, //android终端
            iPhone: u.indexOf('iPhone') > -1, //是否为iPhone或者QQHD浏览器
            iPad: u.indexOf('iPad') > -1, //是否iPad
            webApp: u.indexOf('Safari') == -1, //是否web应该程序，没有头部与底部
            weixin: u.indexOf('MicroMessenger') > -1, //是否微信 （2015-01-22新增）
            qq: u.match(/\sQQ/i) == " qq" //是否QQ
        };
    }(),
    language: (navigator.browserLanguage || navigator.language).toLowerCase()
}


/**
 * native提供uitl。
 */
var util = {
    /**
     * 实现base64编码
     * @params {JSON} data {name:'ztm';card:'6225'}
     * @return {JSON} result {name:"enRt";card:"NjIyNQ=="}
     * @since 1.0.6
     */
    base64Encode: function (jsonobj) {
        if (typeof (jsonobj) == "undefined" || typeof (jsonobj) != "object") {
            return false;
        } else {

            var _result = "";
            _result = exec_syn("UtilPlugin", "base64Encode", JSON.stringify(jsonobj));
            //            alert(_result);
            return _result;
        }
    },
    /**
     * 实现base64解码
     * @params {JSON} data {name:"enRt";card:"NjIyNQ=="}
     * @return {JSON} result {name:'ztm';card:'6225'}
     * @since 1.0.6
     */
    base64Decode: function (jsonobj) {
        if (typeof (jsonobj) == "undefined" || typeof (jsonobj) != "object") {
            return false;
        } else {
            var _resultJson = {};
            var _result = "";

            _result = exec_syn("UtilPlugin", "base64Decode", JSON.stringify(jsonobj));

            return _result;
        }
    }
}



var exampleHtml5 = {
    idCounter: 0, //参数序列计数器
    INPUT_CMDS: {}, //入参服务与命令名
    INPUT_ARGS: {}, //入参的参数
    OUTPUT_RESULTS: {}, //输出的结果
    CALLBACK_SUCCESS: {}, //输出的结果成功时调用的方法
    CALLBACK_FAIL: {},    //输出的结果失败时调用的方法
    /*
     * exec/exec_asyn调用的方法
     * @params {JSONObject} cmd 		服务名和动作命令
     * @params {String} args			参数
     * @params {JS FUNCTION} success			成功时回调函数
     * @params {JS FUNCTION} fail			失败时回调函数
     */
    callNative: function (cmd, args, success, fail) {
        var key = "ID_" + (++this.idCounter);
        this.INPUT_CMDS[key] = cmd;
        this.INPUT_ARGS[key] = args;
        if (typeof success != 'undefined') this.CALLBACK_SUCCESS[key] = success;
        if (typeof fail != 'undefined') this.CALLBACK_FAIL[key] = fail;
        var iframe = document.createElement("IFRAME");
        iframe.setAttribute("src", "examplehtml://ready?id=" + key);
        document.documentElement.appendChild(iframe);
        iframe.parentNode.removeChild(iframe);
        iframe = null;

        return this.OUTPUT_RESULTS[key]; //同步调用时返回值
    },
    /*
     * 获取执行服务和动作
     * @params {String} key			队列标识
     */
    getInputCmd: function (key) {
        return this.INPUT_CMDS[key];
    },
    /*
     * 获取执行参数
     * @params {String} key			队列标识
     */
    getInputArgs: function (key) {
        return this.INPUT_ARGS[key];
    },
    /*
     * 回调返回结果函数
     * @params {String} result		后台处理的结果
     * @params {String} key			队列标识
     */
    callBackJs: function (result, key) {
        this.OUTPUT_RESULTS[key] = result;
        //    alert(result);
        var obj = JSON.parse(result);
        var message = obj.message;
        var status = obj.status;
        if (status == 0) {
            if (typeof this.CALLBACK_SUCCESS[key] != "undefined")
                setTimeout("exampleHtml5.CALLBACK_SUCCESS['" + key + "']('" + message + "')", 0);
        } else {
            if (typeof this.CALLBACK_FAIL[key] != "undefined")
                setTimeout("exampleHtml5.CALLBACK_FAIL['" + key + "']('" + message + "')", 0);
        }
    }
};

//IOS异步
var exec_ios_asyn = function (service, action, args, success, fail) {
    var json = {
        "service": service,
        "action": action
    };

    exampleHtml5.callNative(JSON.stringify(json), args, success, fail);

}

//IOS同步
var exec_ios_syn = function (service, action, args) {

    var json = {
        "service": service,
        "action": action
    };



    var result_str = exampleHtml5.callNative(JSON.stringify(json), args);
    //alert("exec_syn result_str = " + result_str);
    var result;
    try {

        result = JSON.parse(result_str);
        var status = result.status;
        var message = result.message;

        return message;
    } catch (e) {
        console.error(e.message);
        return null;
        //		fail(e.message);
    }


}

/*
 * Html5与Android同步交互接口,android 同步
 * 在本应用中，prompt被拦截（DroidHtml5中的WebServerChromeClient中的onJsPrompt方法），
 * Android本地代码会拦截该对话框，取得JavaScript数据，解析处理数据后，将结果返回给JavaScript。
 * 
 * @params {String} service 使用的Service，即后台IPlugin的实现类 @params {String} action
 * 在IPlugin中执行哪个方法 @params {JSON} args 传递给该方法的参数。如果不需要参数则设置为null
 */
var exec_android_syn = function (service, action, args) {
    var json = {
        "service": service,
        "action": action
    };
    var result_str = prompt(JSON.stringify(json), args);

    var result;
    try {
        result = JSON.parse(result_str);
    } catch (e) {
        console.error(e.message);
    }

    var status = result.status;
    var message = result.message;
    if (status == 0) {

        return message;
    } else {
        console.error("service:" + service + " action:" + action + " error:"
            + message);
    }
}



/*
 * Html5与Android异步交互接口，未调试，存在部分问题？
 * 
 * @params {String} service The name of the service to use @params {String}
 * action Action to be run in proxy @params {JSON} args Arguments to pass to the
 * method,it's maybe null if the method doesn't need arguments @params
 * {Function} success The success callback @params {Function} fail The fail
 * callback
 */
var exec_android_asyn = function (service, action, args, success, fail) {
    var json = {
        "service": service,
        "action": action
    };

    if (typeof fail != 'success')
        exampleHtml5.CALLBACK_SUCCESS = success;
    if (typeof fail != 'undefined') {
        exampleHtml5.CALLBACK_FAIL = fail;
    } else {
        exampleHtml5.CALLBACK_FAIL = function () {
        };// add by ztm 2014/4/17 cause by 全局函数引起的问题
    }

    var result = exampleHtml5.callNative(json, args);

    console.log("我先:" + "(" + (exampleHtml5.idCounter) + ")" + result);
}

var exec_syn = function (service, action, args) {
    if (browser.versions.android) {
        exec_android_syn(service, action, args);
    }
    if (browser.versions.iPhone || browser.versions.iPad) {
        exec_ios_syn(service, action, args);
    }
}

var exec_asyn = function (service, action, args, success, fail) {
    if (browser.versions.android) {
        exec_android_asyn(service, action, args, success, fail);
    }
    if (browser.versions.iPhone || browser.versions.iPad) {
        exec_ios_asyn(service, action, args, success, fail);
    }
}

/*
 * MD5加密
 */


var hexcase = 0; /* hex output format. 0 - lowercase; 1 - uppercase */
var b64pad = ""; /* base-64 pad character. "=" for strict RFC compliance */
var chrsz = 8; /* bits per input character. 8 - ASCII; 16 - Unicode */

/*
 * These are the functions you'll usually want to call
 * They take string arguments and return either hex or base-64 encoded strings
 */
window.hex_md5 = function (s) { return binl2hex(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz)); }
function b64_md5(s) { return binl2b64(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz)); }
function hex_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2hex(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }
function b64_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2b64(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }

/* Backwards compatibility - same as hex_md5() */
function calcMD5(s) { return binl2hex(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz)); }

/*
 * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
 */
function md5_vm_test() {
    return hex_md5("abc") == "900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72";
}

/*
 * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length
 */
function core_md5(x, len) {
    /* append padding */
    x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
    x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;

    var a = 1732584193;
    var b = -271733879;
    var c = -1732584194;
    var d = 271733878;

    for (var i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16) {
        var olda = a;
        var oldb = b;
        var oldc = c;
        var oldd = d;

        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 7, -680876936);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 1], 12, -389564586);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 17, 606105819);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 3], 22, -1044525330);
        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 7, -176418897);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 5], 12, 1200080426);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 17, -1473231341);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 7], 22, -45705983);
        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 7, 1770035416);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 9], 12, -1958414417);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 17, -42063);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 11], 22, -1990404162);
        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 7, 1804603682);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i + 13], 12, -40341101);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 17, -1502002290);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i + 15], 22, 1236535329);

        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 5, -165796510);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 6], 9, -1069501632);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 14, 643717713);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 0], 20, -373897302);
        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 5, -701558691);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 10], 9, 38016083);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 14, -660478335);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 4], 20, -405537848);
        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 5, 568446438);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 14], 9, -1019803690);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 14, -187363961);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 8], 20, 1163531501);
        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 5, -1444681467);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i + 2], 9, -51403784);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 14, 1735328473);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i + 12], 20, -1926607734);

        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 5], 4, -378558);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 8], 11, -2022574463);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 11], 16, 1839030562);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 14], 23, -35309556);
        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 1], 4, -1530992060);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 4], 11, 1272893353);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 7], 16, -155497632);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 10], 23, -1094730640);
        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 13], 4, 681279174);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 0], 11, -358537222);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 3], 16, -722521979);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 6], 23, 76029189);
        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i + 9], 4, -640364487);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i + 12], 11, -421815835);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i + 15], 16, 530742520);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i + 2], 23, -995338651);

        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 0], 6, -198630844);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 7], 10, 1126891415);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 14], 15, -1416354905);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 5], 21, -57434055);
        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 12], 6, 1700485571);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 3], 10, -1894986606);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 10], 15, -1051523);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 1], 21, -2054922799);
        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 8], 6, 1873313359);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 15], 10, -30611744);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 6], 15, -1560198380);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 13], 21, 1309151649);
        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i + 4], 6, -145523070);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i + 11], 10, -1120210379);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i + 2], 15, 718787259);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i + 9], 21, -343485551);

        a = safe_add(a, olda);
        b = safe_add(b, oldb);
        c = safe_add(c, oldc);
        d = safe_add(d, oldd);
    }
    return Array(a, b, c, d);

}

/*
 * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
 */
function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t) {
    return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s), b);
}
function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
    return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
    return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
    return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t) {
    return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}

/*
 * Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data
 */
function core_hmac_md5(key, data) {
    var bkey = str2binl(key);
    if (bkey.length > 16) bkey = core_md5(bkey, key.length * chrsz);

    var ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
    for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
        ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
        opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
    }

    var hash = core_md5(ipad.concat(str2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * chrsz);
    return core_md5(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128);
}

/*
 * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
 * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
 */
function safe_add(x, y) {
    var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF);
    var msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
    return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
}

/*
 * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
 */
function bit_rol(num, cnt) {
    return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
}

/*
 * Convert a string to an array of little-endian words
 * If chrsz is ASCII, characters >255 have their hi-byte silently ignored.
 */
function str2binl(str) {
    var bin = Array();
    var mask = (1 << chrsz) - 1;
    for (var i = 0; i < str.length * chrsz; i += chrsz)
        bin[i >> 5] |= (str.charCodeAt(i / chrsz) & mask) << (i % 32);
    return bin;
}

/*
 * Convert an array of little-endian words to a hex string.
 */
function binl2hex(binarray) {
    var hex_tab = hexcase ? "0123456789ABCDEF" : "0123456789abcdef";
    var str = "";
    for (var i = 0; i < binarray.length * 4; i++) {
        str += hex_tab.charAt((binarray[i >> 2] >> ((i % 4) * 8 + 4)) & 0xF) +
            hex_tab.charAt((binarray[i >> 2] >> ((i % 4) * 8)) & 0xF);
    }
    return str;
}

/*
 * Convert an array of little-endian words to a base-64 string
 */
function binl2b64(binarray) {
    var tab = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
    var str = "";
    for (var i = 0; i < binarray.length * 4; i += 3) {
        var triplet = (((binarray[i >> 2] >> 8 * (i % 4)) & 0xFF) << 16)
            | (((binarray[i + 1 >> 2] >> 8 * ((i + 1) % 4)) & 0xFF) << 8)
            | ((binarray[i + 2 >> 2] >> 8 * ((i + 2) % 4)) & 0xFF);
        for (var j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            if (i * 8 + j * 6 > binarray.length * 32) str += b64pad;
            else str += tab.charAt((triplet >> 6 * (3 - j)) & 0x3F);
        }
    }
    return str;
}

// onerror = function (l, u, m) {
//     var msg = ['line:', l, '\n url:', u, '\n message:', m, '\n'].join('');
//     printMessage(msg);
// }


// console.log = function(log){
//     printMessage(log);
// }

function printMessage(log) {
    var iframe = document.createElement("IFRAME");
    iframe.setAttribute("src", "ios-log:#iOS#" + log);
    document.documentElement.appendChild(iframe);
    iframe.parentNode.removeChild(iframe);
    iframe = null;
}

Android部分：

通过拦截prompt的方式

webView.setWebChromeClient(new ProgressChormeClient());

    private class ProgressChormeClient extends WebChromeClient {
        @Override
        public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {
            if (newProgress == 100) {
                mProgress.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            } else {
                if (View.GONE == mProgress.getVisibility()) {
                    mProgress.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                }
                mProgress.setProgress(newProgress);
            }
            super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress);
        }

        @Override
        public void onReceivedTitle(WebView view, String title) {
            super.onReceivedTitle(view, title);
        }

        @Override
        public boolean onJsPrompt(WebView view, String url, String message, String defaultValue, JsPromptResult result) {
            LogUtil.d("CONSOLE", "JS回传参数:\n" +
                    "url:" + url + ";\n" +
                    "message:" + message + ";\n" +
                    "defaultValue:" + defaultValue + ";\n" +
                    "result:" + result);
            try {
                JSONObject jsMsg = new JSONObject(defaultValue);
                String name = jsMsg.optString("name");
                Message msg = new Message();
                msg.what = 101;
                msg.obj = name;
                handler.sendMessage(msg);
                result.confirm();//*
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return true;
        }
    }

来看看打印

再通过handler更新标题文字

    private Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            if(msg.what==404) {//主页不存在
                //载入本地assets文件夹下面的错误提示页面404.html
                webView.loadUrl(url);
                webView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                mLayoutError.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            } else if (msg.what == 101) {
                txtTitle.setText((CharSequence) msg.obj);
            }
        }
    };

iOS部分：

（ps：作者对iOS不熟悉，上图仅作参考）

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

另外，还有安卓的另外一种与js交互的方法，也是之前用的比较多的一种。

js部分：

jsCommunication: function() {
            var str = sessionStorage.getItem("title");
            if(fun.public.browser.versions.android){
                try {
                    window.seatelGoBack.jsMethod(str);
                }catch (e) {
                    console.error(e.message);
                }
            } else{
                return str + "+" + window.location.href;
            }
            console.log(str + "+" + window.location.href);
        }

Android部分：

        // 定义接口
        webView.addJavascriptInterface(new JsInterface(), "seatelGoBack");

    // JS调用接口
    public class JsInterface {
        // JS调用方法名
        @JavascriptInterface
        public void jsMethod(String paramFromJS){
            LogUtil.d("HD", "JS回传参数:" + paramFromJS);
            if(Boolean.parseBoolean(paramFromJS)) {
                finish();
            } else {
                Message msg = new Message();
                msg.what = 101;
                msg.obj = paramFromJS;
                handler.sendMessage(msg);
            }
        }

    }

同上，再由handler更新标题文字。

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Android调用js方法：

mWebview.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
//调用JS方法代码
String call = "javascript:c.Wobble()";
mWebview.loadUrl(call);