用C++实现复数类

今天我们用C++来实现一下复数的加减运算及比较大小

先来大概说明一下复数的运算。

1.加法运算：(a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i

2.减法运算：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i

3.乘法运算：(a+bi)*(c+di)=(ac-bd)*(ad+bc)i

4.除法运算：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2)+(bc-ad)i/(c^2+d^2)

直接上代码：

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

class Complex
{
public:
	Complex(double real, double image)
		: _real(real)
		, _image(image)
	{}
	~Complex()
	{}
	Complex operator+(const Complex& c)
	{
		Complex ret(_real + c._real, _image + c._image);
		return ret;
	}
	Complex operator-(const Complex& c)
	{
		return Complex(_real - c._real, _image - c._image);
	}
	//两复数相乘：(a+bi)*(c+di)=(ac-bd)*(ad+bc)i
	Complex operator*(const Complex& c)
	{
		return Complex(_real*c._real - _image*c._image, _real*c._image + _image*c._real);
	}
	//两复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2)+(bc-ad)i/(c^2+d^2)
	Complex operator/(const Complex& c)
	{
		return Complex((_real*c._real + _image*c._image)\
			     / (c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image)\
			          ,(_image*c._real - _real*c._image)\
				 / (c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image));
	}
	Complex& operator+=(const Complex&c)
	{
		_real = this->_real + c._real;
		_image = this->_image + c._image;
		return *this;
	}
	Complex& operator-=(const Complex&c)
	{
		_real = this->_real - c._real;
		_image = this->_image - c._image;
		return *this;
	}
	Complex& operator*=(const Complex&c)
	{
		double real0 = _real;
		_real = real0 * c._real - _image * c._image;
		_image = real0 * c._image + _image * c._real;
		return *this;

	}
	Complex& operator/=(const Complex&c)
	{
		double real0 = _real;
		_real = (_real*c._real + _image*c._image) / (c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image);
		_image = (_image*c._real - _real*c._image) / (c._real*c._real + c._image*c._image);
		return *this;
	}
	Complex& operator=(const Complex&c)
	{
		cout << this << "=" << &c << endl;
		if (this != &c)
		{
			_real = c._real;
			_image = c._image;
		}
		return *this;
	}
	bool operator>(const Complex& c)
	{
		if(this->_image != 0 || c._image != 0)
		{
			cout << "虚数不能比较大小" << endl;
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			if(_real > c._real)
			{
				return true;
			}
			else
				return false;
		}
	}
	bool operator<(const Complex& c)
	{
		if(this->_image != 0 || c._image != 0)
		{
			cout << "虚数不能比较大小" << endl;
			return false;
		}
		return !(*this > c);
	}
	bool operator==(const Complex& c)
	{
		if ((this->_real == c._real) && (this->_image == c._image))
			return true;
		return false;
	}
	bool operator!=(const Complex& c)
	{
		if ((this->_real != c._real) || (this->_image != c._image))
			return true;
		return false;
	}
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Complex& c)
	{
		out << "real=" << c._real << endl;
		out << "image=" << c._image << endl;
		return out;
	}
private:
	double _real;
	double _image;
};

来测试一下：

int main()
{
	Complex c1(1.0, 2.0);
	Complex c2(3.0, 4.0);
	Complex c3 = c1 + c2;
	Complex c4 = c1 - c2;
	Complex c5 = c1*c2;
	Complex c6 = c1 / c2;
	cout << c3 << endl;
	cout << c4 << endl;
	cout << c5 << endl;
	cout << c6 << endl;
	c1 = c2 = c3;
	c1 = c2.operator=(c3);
	system("pause\n");
	return 0;
}

看一下输出结果吧！