Ubuntu环境安装问题总结

初学Ubuntu，各种坑，选择一些有难度或者有价值的新手常入的坑，持续更新中。。。

1.npm安装不成功，参照后面的网址

https://blog.csdn.net/libai13/article/details/108050539
注：其实在安装NODEJS时，npm应该是已经安装好了的，可以通过npm -version查看。之所以会出现存在依赖关系的问题，是因为版本不兼容，可以不用管它。

2.Bcompare安装失败的问题

第一步：sudo dpkg -i ***.deb
此时提示缺少依赖关系。
第二步：sudo apt --fix-broken install
第三步：再次执行 sudo dpkg -i ***.deb
第四步：终端输入bcompare，回车后启动bcompare

3.LuaJIT的版本问题

可以去官网去下载一个2.0.5版本的压缩包，然后解压缩到/tmp目录下，然后执行make install即可
https://luajit.org/download.html

4.创建SPX工程后，执行编译，提示：fatal error: openssl/evp.h: 没有那个文件或目录

【问题原因】
因为我要编译的程序会使用OpenSSL，但是我的Ubuntu库里没有需要和OpenSSL链接的文件，所以要自己安装相关的文件。
【解决方案】
在Ubuntu上安装OpenSSL，执行如下命令：
$ sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

5.在解决问题4以后，继续编译，依然存在问题。提示/npm/bash: grunt:未找到命令

【问题原因】缺少grunt包
【解决方案】
首先安装grunt:
npm install -g grunt-cli
然后确认版本：
grunt --version
此时提示grunt-cli v1.4.3
安装成功

###截止步骤5，可以编译成功，但依然存在一点问题###
1.JDK版本安装。目前M7依赖于openJDK是可以编译成功的，但是M5和M6的代码是不可以的，但是JDK8是完全没问题的，可以同时支持M5M6M7全系列，所以要安装JDK8。具体安装可以参考以下链接，此处不再赘述。
https://blog.csdn.net/weixx3/article/details/80296779

https://www.cnblogs.com/smiler/p/6939913.html

6.filezilla安装失败的问题

【问题描述】
filezilla软件一直没法安装，采用网上说的命令行安装时，提示404，即IP没法链接。一开始以为是公司网络禁止进入，用自己的手机热点进入如下网站http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/，发现f文件夹也是进不去的，说明不是公司网络的问题。
然后采用下载deb文件的方式。首先是去官网下载，我的系统是U18.04的，官网的软件版本是3.57.0，下载安装时发现版本可能是不匹配，要求我安装glibc2.28？(好像是这个玩意)，我再查，发现这玩意好像不是U18.04的啊。然后自己通过查找，发现3.28.0版本才是匹配该系统版本的，所以再去网上找这个版本的deb文件。费劲千辛万苦找到后安装，发现又是一堆package没有发现，果断又放弃。。
【问题原因】
具体原因根据解决的情况来看，应该是源的问题，更换一下源就好了
【解决方案】
按照下面博主的文章操作即可完成安装，
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35451572/article/details/79516563

即分别执行：
【第一步】更新源为阿里源
首先备份已有的源：sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources_init.list
然后打开源文件：sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
在后面复制以下内容：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

【第二步】apt-get update
【第三步】apt-get -f install filezilla

注：听说上面提到的这个网址就是ubuntu默认源下载apt的地方，所以自己无法安装filezilla也是很正常咯，毕竟那个f文件夹都打不开~
http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/

下面贴一个讲源的链接，让我这个小白学习学习
https://blog.csdn.net/SAKURASANN/article/details/104257996

7.wps安装和输入汉字问题解决

安装wps：dpkg -i wps-office_11.1.0.10702_amd64.deb
输入汉字：
第一步：vim /usr/bin/wps
第二步：在第一行后面添加：

    export XMODIFIERS="@im=ibus"     
    export QT_IM_MODULE="ibus"

第三步：以上为word，对于表格和PPT，修改以下文件，同样添加第二步中的语句：

8.ipmitool安装失败的问题

【问题描述】在执行ipmitool的make操作时，提示storage size of ‘ctx’ isn’t known
【问题解决】
可以参考以下这两个文章
https://blog.csdn.net/gusijin/article/details/116445417
https://blog.csdn.net/sanqima/article/details/98478975
即主要是把ctx改为一个指针，所以原程序中&ctx取址的都改为ctx。在new的时候，按照第二篇文章里的内容来改。
即对于ipmitool 1.8.18,将ipmitool-1.8.18/src/plugins/lanplus_crypt_impl.c文件中的内容替换为如下代码即可

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 
 * Redistribution of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 
 * Redistribution in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 
 * Neither the name of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or the names of
 * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 * from this software without specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind.
 * ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
 * PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED.
 * SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC. ("SUN") AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
 * OR DISTRIBUTING THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES.  IN NO EVENT WILL
 * SUN OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA,
 * OR FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
 * PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THIS SOFTWARE,
 * EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
 */

#include "ipmitool/log.h"
#include "ipmitool/ipmi_constants.h"
#include "lanplus.h"
#include "lanplus_crypt_impl.h"
#include <openssl/hmac.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <assert.h>



/*
 * lanplus_seed_prng
 *
 * Seed our PRNG with the specified number of bytes from /dev/random
 * 
 * param bytes specifies the number of bytes to read from /dev/random
 * 
 * returns 0 on success
 *         1 on failure
 */
int lanplus_seed_prng(uint32_t bytes)
{
	if (! RAND_load_file("/dev/urandom", bytes))
		return 1;
	else
		return 0;
}



/*
 * lanplus_rand
 *
 * Generate a random number of the specified size
 * 
 * param num_bytes [in]  is the size of the random number to be
 *       generated
 * param buffer [out] is where we will place our random number
 * 
 * return 0 on success
 *        1 on failure
 */
int
lanplus_rand(uint8_t * buffer, uint32_t num_bytes)
{
#undef IPMI_LANPLUS_FAKE_RAND
#ifdef IPMI_LANPLUS_FAKE_RAND

	/*
	 * This code exists so that we can easily find the generated random number
	 * in the hex dumps.
	 */
 	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < num_bytes; ++i)
		buffer[i] = 0x70 | i;

	return 0;
#else
	return (! RAND_bytes(buffer, num_bytes));
#endif
}



/*
 * lanplus_HMAC
 *
 * param mac specifies the algorithm to be used, currently SHA1, SHA256 and MD5
 *     are supported
 * param key is the key used for HMAC generation
 * param key_len is the lenght of key
 * param d is the data to be MAC'd
 * param n is the length of the data at d
 * param md is the result of the HMAC algorithm
 * param md_len is the length of md
 *
 * returns a pointer to md
 */
uint8_t *
lanplus_HMAC(uint8_t        mac,
			 const void          *key,
			 int                  key_len,
			 const uint8_t *d,
			 int                  n,
			 uint8_t       *md,
			 uint32_t        *md_len)
{
	const EVP_MD *evp_md = NULL;

	if ((mac == IPMI_AUTH_RAKP_HMAC_SHA1) ||
		(mac == IPMI_INTEGRITY_HMAC_SHA1_96))
		evp_md = EVP_sha1();
	else if ((mac == IPMI_AUTH_RAKP_HMAC_MD5) ||
			 (mac == IPMI_INTEGRITY_HMAC_MD5_128))
		evp_md = EVP_md5();
#ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO_SHA256
	else if ((mac == IPMI_AUTH_RAKP_HMAC_SHA256) ||
			 (mac == IPMI_INTEGRITY_HMAC_SHA256_128))
		evp_md = EVP_sha256();
#endif /* HAVE_CRYPTO_SHA256 */
	else
	{
		lprintf(LOG_DEBUG, "Invalid mac type 0x%x in lanplus_HMAC\n", mac);
		assert(0);
	}

	return HMAC(evp_md, key, key_len, d, n, md, (unsigned int *)md_len);
}


/*
 * lanplus_encrypt_aes_cbc_128
 *
 * Encrypt with the AES CBC 128 algorithm
 *
 * param iv is the 16 byte initialization vector
 * param key is the 16 byte key used by the AES algorithm
 * param input is the data to be encrypted
 * param input_length is the number of bytes to be encrypted.  This MUST
 *       be a multiple of the block size, 16.
 * param output is the encrypted output
 * param bytes_written is the number of bytes written.  This param is set
 *       to 0 on failure, or if 0 bytes were input.
 */
void
lanplus_encrypt_aes_cbc_128(const uint8_t * iv,
							const uint8_t * key,
							const uint8_t * input,
							uint32_t          input_length,
							uint8_t       * output,
							uint32_t        * bytes_written)
{
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;
	ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(ctx);
	EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), NULL, key, iv);
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(ctx, 0);
	

	*bytes_written = 0;

	if (input_length == 0)
	{
		EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);		
		return;
	}


	if (verbose >= 5)
	{
		printbuf(iv,  16, "encrypting with this IV");
		printbuf(key, 16, "encrypting with this key");
		printbuf(input, input_length, "encrypting this data");
	}


	/*
	 * The default implementation adds a whole block of padding if the input
	 * data is perfectly aligned.  We would like to keep that from happening.
	 * We have made a point to have our input perfectly padded.
	 */
	assert((input_length % IPMI_CRYPT_AES_CBC_128_BLOCK_SIZE) == 0);


	if(!EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx, output, (int *)bytes_written, input, input_length))
	{
		/* Error */
		*bytes_written = 0;
		EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		uint32_t tmplen;

		if(!EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx, output + *bytes_written, (int *)&tmplen))
		{
			*bytes_written = 0;
			EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
			return; /* Error */
		}
		else
		{
			/* Success */
			*bytes_written += tmplen;
			EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(ctx);
		}
	}
}



/*
 * lanplus_decrypt_aes_cbc_128
 *
 * Decrypt with the AES CBC 128 algorithm
 *
 * param iv is the 16 byte initialization vector
 * param key is the 16 byte key used by the AES algorithm
 * param input is the data to be decrypted
 * param input_length is the number of bytes to be decrypted.  This MUST
 *       be a multiple of the block size, 16.
 * param output is the decrypted output
 * param bytes_written is the number of bytes written.  This param is set
 *       to 0 on failure, or if 0 bytes were input.
 */
void
lanplus_decrypt_aes_cbc_128(const uint8_t * iv,
							const uint8_t * key,
							const uint8_t * input,
							uint32_t          input_length,
							uint8_t       * output,
							uint32_t        * bytes_written)
{
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;
	ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(ctx);
	EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), NULL, key, iv);
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(ctx, 0);


	if (verbose >= 5)
	{
		printbuf(iv,  16, "decrypting with this IV");
		printbuf(key, 16, "decrypting with this key");
		printbuf(input, input_length, "decrypting this data");
	}


	*bytes_written = 0;

	if (input_length == 0)
	{
		EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
		return;
	}
	/*
	 * The default implementation adds a whole block of padding if the input
	 * data is perfectly aligned.  We would like to keep that from happening.
	 * We have made a point to have our input perfectly padded.
	 */
	assert((input_length % IPMI_CRYPT_AES_CBC_128_BLOCK_SIZE) == 0);


	if (!EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx, output, (int *)bytes_written, input, input_length))
	{
		/* Error */
		lprintf(LOG_DEBUG, "ERROR: decrypt update failed");
		*bytes_written = 0;
		EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		uint32_t tmplen;

		if (!EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, output + *bytes_written, (int *)&tmplen))
		{
			char buffer[1000];
			ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), buffer);
			lprintf(LOG_DEBUG, "the ERR error %s", buffer);
			lprintf(LOG_DEBUG, "ERROR: decrypt final failed");
			*bytes_written = 0;
			EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
			return; /* Error */
		}
		else
		{
			/* Success */
			*bytes_written += tmplen;
			EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(ctx);
		}
	}

	if (verbose >= 5)
	{
		lprintf(LOG_DEBUG, "Decrypted %d encrypted bytes", input_length);
		printbuf(output, *bytes_written, "Decrypted this data");
	}
}