添加硬盘 fdisk

Synopsis:

fdisk只能创建mbr分区，所以创建的分区大小最大为2TB

fdisk -l 列出所有磁盘和分区信息

disk label=dos   #MBR

disk laber=gpt   #GPT

因为新挂载的硬盘遵循udev命名规则，例如SCSI接口会显示为sd[a-z]

下面演示对一块新硬盘进行设置分区表，创建分区，格式化，挂载（永久挂载）等基本操作。

例如 新挂载的硬盘为sdb 系统识别的第二块SCSI接口硬盘

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (4196352-41943039, default 4196352): 
Using default value 4196352
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (4196352-41943039, default 41943039): +4G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 4 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00737d72

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048     4196351     2097152   83  Linux
/dev/sdb2         4196352    12584959     4194304   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /tmp/app
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2 
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
262144 inodes, 1048576 blocks
52428 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1073741824
32 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb2 /tmp/app/
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    1.9G   12M  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   17G  3.1G   14G  18% /
/dev/sdb1                2.0G  3.1M  1.9G   1% /tmp/backup
/dev/sda1               1014M  195M  820M  20% /boot
tmpfs                    378M     0  378M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb2                3.9G   16M  3.6G   1% /tmp/app

 

最后为了在下次重启时能够自动挂载，需要修改 /etc/fstab 配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab

/dev/sdb2       /tmp/backup     ext4    defaults        0 0