springboot+java生成二维码图片

接下来将从IDEA创建springboot项目到生成效果图详细地为大家展示二维码的制作过程

1、首先是创建springboot项目

上面的图有红色标记的地方需要填写的，比如项目存放的路径，包名等，其他的一路next就可以了。

2、导入相关依赖

		<!--这两个依赖创建springboot项目会自动加载进来-->
		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
		<!--Swagger2一款RESTful接口的文档在线自动生成、功能测试功能框架-->
		<dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
		<!-- 条形码、二维码生成 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>javase</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

3、项目结构

4、具体的类和完整代码

package com.example.demo.controller;

import com.example.demo.service.QrCodeService;
import com.example.demo.util.ResultBean;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
 * @author ll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2019-11-25 15:13
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/qrCode/")
@Slf4j
public class QrCodeController {
    @Autowired
    private QrCodeService qrCodeService;

    /**
     * 生成带logo的二维码图片
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "createQrCodeImage", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBean createQrCodeImage(String contents) {
        try {
            return qrCodeService.createQrCodeImage(contents);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("创建二维码图片异常" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
            return ResultBean.error("创建二维码图片异常");
        }
    }
}

package com.example.demo.service;

import com.example.demo.date20191125.QRCodeUtil;
import com.example.demo.util.FileUtil;
import com.example.demo.util.ResultBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * @author ll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2019-11-25 15:16
 */
@Service
public class QrCodeService {
    /**
     * 创建二维码
     * @return
     */
    public ResultBean createQrCodeImage(String contents) throws IOException {
        String pathImages = FileUtil.pathFormat(FileUtil.getPathImages());
        try {
            QRCodeUtil.encode(contents, pathImages  + "/hashiqi_1.jpg", "d:/EWM", true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            e.getMessage();
        }
        return ResultBean.ok();
    }
}

package com.example.demo.util;

import com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.operations.And;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author ll
 * @date 2019-11-25 16:55
 */
public class FileUtil {
    /**
     * 获取images下面的路径
     * @return
     */
    public static String getPathImages() throws IOException {
        // 获取static下面images的路径
        File directory = new File("src/main/resources/static/images");
        String filePath = directory.getCanonicalPath();
        return filePath;
    }

    /**
     * 格式化路径
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    public static String pathFormat(String str) {
    	// 将路径的\\转化为// 否则后续二维码中间log图片路径会找不到
        String result = str.replaceAll("\\\\", "/");
        return result;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            System.err.println(getPathImages());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

package com.example.demo.util;

import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author ll
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2019-12-03 15:20
 */
@ApiModel
public class ResultBean<T> {
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "返回信息状态码")
    private int code = 101;

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "返回信息")
    private String msg = "";

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "数据")
    private Map<String, T> data = new HashMap<String, T>();

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public Map<String, T> getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(Map<String, T> data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public static ResultBean ok() {
        return new ResultBean() {
            {
                setMsg("操作成功");
                setCode(100);
            }
        };
    }

    public static ResultBean ok(Map<String, Object> data) {
        return new ResultBean() {
            {
                setMsg("操作成功");
                setCode(100);
                setData((data == null) ? new HashMap<String, Object>() : data);
            }
        };
    }

    public static ResultBean okForStringMap(Map<String, String> data) {
        return new ResultBean() {
            {
                setMsg("操作成功");
                setCode(100);
                setData((data == null) ? new HashMap<String, String>() : data);
            }
        };
    }

    public static ResultBean error() {
        return new ResultBean() {
            {
                setCode(101);
                setMsg("未知的错误");
            }
        };
    }

    public static ResultBean error(int errorCode, String msg) {
        return new ResultBean() {
            {
                setCode(errorCode);
                setMsg(msg);
            }
        };
    }

    public static ResultBean error(String msg) {
        return new ResultBean() {
            {
                setCode(101);
                setMsg(msg);
            }
        };
    }
}

下面两个类是参考了https://blog.csdn.net/jam_fanatic/article/details/82818857

package com.example.demo.date20191125;

import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;

/**
 * LuminanceSource这类层次结构的目的是不同的位图实现跨平台为请求获得灰度亮度值的标准接口。该接口只提供了抽象方法，
 * 因此可以生成和旋转创建副本。这是为了确保一个读者不修改原来的亮度源，并让它在一个未知的状态，在链中的其他读者。
 * https://zxing.github.io/zxing/apidocs/com/google/zxing/LuminanceSource.html
 * @author ljheee
 *
 */
public class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource {

    private final BufferedImage image;
    private final int left;
    private final int top;

    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {
        this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());
    }

    /**
     * 构造方法
     * @param image
     * @param left
     * @param top
     * @param width
     * @param height
     */
    public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        super(width, height);

        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");
        }

        for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {
            for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {
                if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {
                    // = white
                    image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF);
                }
            }
        }

        this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        this.left = left;
        this.top = top;
    }

    /**
     * 从底层平台的位图提取一行（only one row）的亮度数据值
     * @param y
     * @param row
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {
        int width = getWidth();
        if (row == null || row.length < width) {
            row = new byte[width];
        }
        if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y);
        }
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);
        return row;
    }

    /**
     * 从底层平台的位图提取亮度数据值
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public byte[] getMatrix() {
        int height = getHeight();
        int width = getWidth();
        int area = width * height;
        byte[] matrix = new byte[area];
        image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);
        return matrix;
    }

    /**
     * 是否支持裁剪
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isCropSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 返回一个新的对象与裁剪的图像数据。实现可以保存对原始数据的引用，而不是复制。
     */
    @Override
    public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left, this.top + top, width, height);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isRotateSupported() {//是否支持旋转
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 逆时针旋转图像数据的90度，返回一个新的对象。
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {
        int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();
        int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();
        AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);
        BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight, sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
        Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();
        g.drawImage(image, transform, null);
        g.dispose();
        int width = getWidth();
        return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);
    }
}

package com.example.demo.date20191125;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
/**
 * 二维码生成工具
 * @author ll
 *
 */
public class QRCodeUtil {

    private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";
    private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";
    // 二维码尺寸
    private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;
    // LOGO宽度
    private static final int WIDTH = 60;
    // LOGO高度
    private static final int HEIGHT = 60;


    /**
     * 生成二维码
     * @param content	源内容
     * @param imgPath	生成二维码保存的路径
     * @param needCompress	是否要压缩
     * @return		返回二维码图片
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE,
                hints);
        int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
        int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
                image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
            }
        }
        if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {
            return image;
        }
        // 插入图片
        QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);
        return image;
    }

    /**
     * 在生成的二维码中插入图片
     * @param source
     * @param imgPath
     * @param needCompress
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        File file = new File(imgPath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            System.err.println("" + imgPath + "   该文件不存在！");
            return;
        }
        Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
        int height = src.getHeight(null);
        int width = src.getWidth(null);
        // 压缩LOGO
        if (needCompress) {
            if (height > HEIGHT) {
                height = HEIGHT;
            }
            if (width > WIDTH) {
                width = WIDTH;
            }
            BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
            Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
            // 绘制缩小后的图
            g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
            g.dispose();
            src = image;
        }
        // 插入LOGO
        Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
        int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;
        int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;
        graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
        Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
        graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
        graph.draw(shape);
        graph.dispose();
    }

    /**
     * 生成带logo二维码，并保存到磁盘
     * @param content
     * @param logoImgPath	logo图片
     * @param destPath
     * @param needCompress
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void encode(String content, String logoImgPath, String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, logoImgPath, needCompress);
        mkdirs(destPath);
        //生成随机文件名
        String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999) + ".jpg";
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath + "/" + file));
    }

    public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {
        File file = new File(destPath);
        // 当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir。(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)
        if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {
            file.mkdirs();
        }
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, imgPath, destPath, false);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, needCompress);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, false);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress)
            throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);
        ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);
    }

    public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output) throws Exception {
        QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);
    }

    /**
     * 从二维码中，解析数据
     * @param file	二维码图片文件
     * @return	 返回从二维码中解析到的数据值
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {
        Result result;
        BufferedImage image;
        image = ImageIO.read(file);
        if (image == null) {
            return null;
        }
        BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
        BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
        Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();
        hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);
        result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
        String resultStr = result.getText();
        return resultStr;
    }

    public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {
        return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));
    }
}

5、请求生成二维码

项目地址最好别用8080，这个可以在application.properties文件里面配置server.port=8090
后面的参数contents是扫码后出现的数据，如果放链接比如百度，扫出来的结果就是百度页面，这里我们可以放其他的链接或能找到路径的本地页面

这里是生成的二维码

有很多可以优化的地方，也可以存放更多的其它类型的数据，有兴趣的小伙伴可以去了解一下com.google.zxing源码或者其它可以生成二维码的方法，有错误的地方请指正、包涵，共同进步！