spring配置文件<import>标签中使用${}占位符获得配置文件的属性值

一般情况下我们在spring的配置文件中使用<import>标签是这样的，<import resource="spring-other.xml">，但是最近项目中使用到其他工程的依赖jar包，在自己的spring配置文件中需要这样写

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:eoa/eoa_config.properties" />

<import resource="classpath:spring-fs-db-${env}.xml" />

其中env的值是从eoa_config.properties里面获取。

如果是以上这种写法，在启动时spring报错，无法解析env，原因很简单，在import动作时在属性文件加载之前。

没办法只能翻spring源码，ContextLoader

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1.  protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {  
2.         if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {  
3. // The application context id is still set to its original default value  
4. // -> assign a more useful id based on available information  
5.             String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);  
6.             if (idParam != null) {  
7.                 wac.setId(idParam);  
8.             }  
9.             else {  
10. // Generate default id...  
11.                 wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +  
12.                         ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));  
13.             }  
14.         }  
15.         wac.setServletContext(sc);  
16.         String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);  
17.         if (configLocationParam != null) {  
18.             wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);  
19.         }  
20.   
21. // The wac environment‘s #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context  
22. // is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for  
23. // use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh  
24.         ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();  
25.         if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {  
26.             ((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);  
27.         }  
28.         customizeContext(sc, wac);  
29.         wac.refresh();  
30.     }  
31.     //initPropertySources这个方法可以自己定义属性文件的加载时机。  
32.     @Override  
33.     public void initPropertySources(ServletContext servletContext, ServletConfig servletConfig) {  
34.         WebApplicationContextUtils.initServletPropertySources(getPropertySources(), servletContext, servletConfig);  
35.     }  

 protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
        if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
// The application context id is still set to its original default value
// -> assign a more useful id based on available information
            String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);
            if (idParam != null) {
                wac.setId(idParam);
            }
            else {
// Generate default id...
                wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
                        ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
            }
        }
        wac.setServletContext(sc);
        String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
        if (configLocationParam != null) {
            wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
        }

// The wac environment‘s #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context
// is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for
// use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh
        ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
        if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
            ((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);
        }
        customizeContext(sc, wac);
        wac.refresh();
    }
    //initPropertySources这个方法可以自己定义属性文件的加载时机。
    @Override
    public void initPropertySources(ServletContext servletContext, ServletConfig servletConfig) {
        WebApplicationContextUtils.initServletPropertySources(getPropertySources(), servletContext, servletConfig);
    }

也就是说我们需要在getPropertySources()方法调用之前，就已经做好属性文件的加载顺序。

spring提供了ApplicationContextInitializer这个接口，实现该接口

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1. public class CustomerApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext>{  
2.     private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomerApplicationContextInitializer.class);  
3.     @Override  
4.     public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {  
5.         ResourcePropertySource propertySource = null;  
6.         try {  
7.             propertySource = new ResourcePropertySource("classpath:eoa/eoa_config.properties");  
8.         } catch (IOException e) {  
9.             logger.error("eoa_config.properties is not exists");  
10.         }  
11.         applicationContext.getEnvironment().getPropertySources().addFirst(propertySource);  
12.     }  
13. }  

public class CustomerApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext>{
	private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomerApplicationContextInitializer.class);
	@Override
	public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
		ResourcePropertySource propertySource = null;
		try {
			propertySource = new ResourcePropertySource("classpath:eoa/eoa_config.properties");
		} catch (IOException e) {
			logger.error("eoa_config.properties is not exists");
		}
		applicationContext.getEnvironment().getPropertySources().addFirst(propertySource);
	}
}

此外，还需要在web.xml中配置这个类

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1. <context-param>  
2.     <param-name>contextInitializerClasses</param-name>  
3.     <param-value>com.lfex.eoa.base.CustomerApplicationContextInitializer</param-value>  
4. </context-param>  

<context-param>
	<param-name>contextInitializerClasses</param-name>
	<param-value>com.lfex.eoa.base.CustomerApplicationContextInitializer</param-value>
</context-param>

因为在customizeContext(sc, wac);会调用所有的contextInitializerClasses中的initialize方法。

至此，问题解决了，总结一下分为以下几步

1. 提供实现ApplicationContextInitializer接口的实现类

2. 在web.xml中配置，见上

3. 在spring的主配置文件中使用<import resource="spring-${env}.xml">