1 Maven依赖管理
1.1 依赖范围
Compile 范围: (例子 struts2-core)
编译(compile)时需要 测试时需要,,运行时需要,打包时需要
Provided 范围: (例子 jsp-api.jar servlet-api.jar)
编译(compile)时需要,测试(test)时也需要 ,运行时不需要,打包时不需要
Runtime范围: (例子 数据库驱动包)
编译时不需要,测试时需要,,运行时需要,打包时需要
Test范围: (例子junit.jar)
编译时不需要,测试时需要,运行时不需要,打包也不需要
1.2 依赖版本冲突的解决
1、 第一声明优先原则 (如下所示 4.2.4会优先使用)
<dependencies>
<!-- spring-beans-4.2.4 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-beans-3.0.5 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.24</version>
</dependency>
2、 路径近者优先原则
(如果有其他jar传递依赖到了下面的jar,但下面的路径优先,会被先依赖)
自己添加jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
3、 排除原则
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.24</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
4、 版本锁定原则
<properties>
<spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
<struts.version>2.3.24</struts.version>
</properties>
<!-- 锁定版本,struts2-2.3.24、spring4.2.4、hibernate5.0.7 -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
总结
1. Maven的好处:
节省空间 对jar包做了统一管理 依赖管理
一键构建
可跨平台
应用在大型项目可提高开发效率
2. Maven的仓库
本地仓库
远程仓库(私服)
中央仓库
3 添加依赖
从网络上搜索
在本地重建索引,以索引的方式搜索
以下是我一般使用的pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.webike</groupId>
<artifactId>webike</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>webike Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--servlet&jsp-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--webmvc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--文件上传-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--其他依赖-->
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>webike</finalName>
<plugins>
<!--使用jdk 1.8编译-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<target>1.8</target>
<source>1.8</source>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- tomcat7 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8080</port>
<uriEncoding>utf-8</uriEncoding>
<path>/webike</path>
<server>tomcat7</server>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>