Day3:okhttp
一. okhttp协议介绍
okhttp是一个第三方类库,用于android中请求网络。
这是一个开源项目,是安卓端最火热的轻量级框架,由移动支付Square公司贡献(该公司还贡献了Picasso和LeakCanary) 。用于替代HttpUrlConnection和Apache HttpClient(android API23 里已移除HttpClient)。
二.okhttp完成get请求
添加依赖:
implementation ‘com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.12.1’//okhttp依赖
//网络请求json串
public void getjson(){
//TODO 1:client
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
builder.callTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//连接超时
builder.readTimeout(5,TimeUnit.SECONDS);//读取超时
OkHttpClient client = builder.build();
//TODO 2:request对象
Request.Builder builder1 = new Request.Builder();
builder1.url("http://www.qubaobei.com/ios/cf/dish_list.php?stage_id=1&limit=20&");//设置网址
builder1.get();//设置请求方法
Request request = builder1.build();
//TODO 3:发起连接call
Call call = client.newCall(request);
//TODO 4:通过call得到response
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
//请求失败
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
//请求成功
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
//获得响应体:json串
ResponseBody body = response.body();
//通过body直接转成字符串
String json = body.string();
// Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, ""+json, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Message obtain = Message.obtain();
obtain.what=GET_JSON_OK;
obtain.obj=json;
handler.sendMessage(obtain);
}
});
}
三-1.okhttp完成post请求
//post请求完成注册
private void zhuce() {
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.callTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
//请求体:phone=13594347817&passwd=123654
FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
.add("phone", "13594343356")
.add("passwd", "123654")
.build();
final Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://www.apiopen.top/createUser?key=00d91e8e0cca2b76f515926a36db68f5&")
.post(formBody)//post提交必须要设置请求体
.build();
Call call = client.newCall(request);
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
String string = response.body().string();
Message obtain = Message.obtain();
obtain.what=GET_JSON_OK;
obtain.obj=string;
handler.sendMessage(obtain);
}
});
}
三-2.okhttp完成post请求(参数为json格式)
//post请求完成注册
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.connectTimeout(60000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(60000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(60000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
//请求体 json串 自己拼接
String json="{\n" +
"\t\"reqType\":0,\n" +
" \"perception\": {\n" +
" \"inputText\": {\n" +
" \"text\": \"附近的酒店\"\n" +
" },\n" +
" \"inputImage\": {\n" +
" \"url\": \"0292580832850.jpg\"\n" +
" },\n" +
" \"selfInfo\": {\n" +
" \"location\": {\n" +
" \"city\": \"北京\",\n" +
" \"province\": \"北京\",\n" +
" \"street\": \"信息路\"\n" +
" }\n" +
" }\n" +
" },\n" +
" \"userInfo\": {\n" +
" \"apiKey\": \"c309749450ba443bb59469c562a3b799\",\n" +
" \"userId\": \"543192\"\n" +
" }\n" +
"}";
RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/json;charset=utf-8"), json);
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(json_url)
.post(requestBody)//请求方式
.build();
Call call = client.newCall(request);
//不能直接更新UI子线程中
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
final String message = e.getMessage();
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, ""+message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
final String string = response.body().string();
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, ""+string, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
});
四.okhttp完成下载文件
//下载文件到SD卡中
private void sd() {
//TODO 1:client
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.readTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.callTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
//TODO 2:request
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.get()
.url("http://169.254.113.244/hfs/a.jpg")
.build();
//TODO 3:call
Call call = client.newCall(request);
//TODO 4:response
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {//失败
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {//成功
ResponseBody body = response.body();
long l = body.contentLength();//获得总大小
InputStream inputStream = body.byteStream();//响应体-->输入流
//边读边写
//。。。。。
}
});
}
五.okhttp完成上传文件
private void upload() throws IOException {
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.callTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
//上传文件的请求体
MultipartBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
.setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
.addFormDataPart("file", "aaaa.mp3",//aaaa.mp3 服务器端的名字
RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("media/mp3"), new File("/sdcard/来自天堂的魔鬼.mp3")))
.build();
final Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("http://172.21.79.88/hfs")
.post(requestBody)//post提交必须要设置请求体
.build();
Call call = client.newCall(request);
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
}
});
}
六.okhttp封装
1.定义回调接口
public interface MyOkListener {
void onError(String mesage);//返回错误信息
void onSuccess(String json);//返回数据
}
public interface MyFileListener {
void setProgress(int progress);//设置当前进度
void onFinish();//下载完成
void onError(String message);//错误
}
2.工具类
/**
* 原则:代码复用性+只有一个Client对象
*
*
* */
public class OkhttpUtils {
private OkHttpClient okHttpClient;//在构造方法里面创建
//单例模式:构造私有化
private OkhttpUtils(){//只会创建一次
//log拦截器
HttpLoggingInterceptor httpLoggingInterceptor=new HttpLoggingInterceptor();
httpLoggingInterceptor.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
//token拦截器
Interceptor tokenInterceptor=new Interceptor() {
@Override
public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
// Request request = chain.request();//获得request对象
// Request.Builder builder = request.newBuilder();//通过request获得builder
// builder.header("token","1705B");//设置请求头
// Request request1 = builder.build();//添加了token的request
Request request1=chain.request().newBuilder().header("token","1705B").build();
return chain.proceed(request1);
}
};
okHttpClient=new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.readTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.connectTimeout(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.addInterceptor(tokenInterceptor)//添加token拦截器,一定要在log拦截器之前设置
.addInterceptor(httpLoggingInterceptor)//添加log拦截器
.build();
};
//自行实例化
private static voliate OkhttpUtils okhttpUtils=null;
//公开方法
public static OkhttpUtils getInstance(){
//双重校验锁:
if(okhttpUtils==null){
synchronized (StringBuilder.class){
if(okhttpUtils==null){
okhttpUtils=new OkhttpUtils();
}
}
}
return okhttpUtils;
}
/***
* @param str_url 网址
* @param listener 回调 将请求的结果返回给Activitt
*/
public void doget(String str_url, final MyOkListener listener){
//TODO 2:request对象
Request request=new Request.Builder().url(str_url).get().header("Connection","Keep-Alive").build();
//TODO 3:call
Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
//TODO 4:加入队列 得到response
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
listener.onError(e.getMessage());
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
listener.onSuccess(response.body().string());
}
});
}
/***
*
* @param str_url 请求网址
* @param listener 回调的监听
* @param map 请求体参数
*/
public void dopost(String str_url, HashMap<String,String> map, final MyOkListener listener){
//TODO 请求体
FormBody.Builder builder1 = new FormBody.Builder();
Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entries = map.entrySet();//键值对的集合
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entries) {//遍历集合
String key = entry.getKey();//获得键
String value = entry.getValue();//获得值
builder1.add(key,value);
}
FormBody formBody = builder1.build();
//TODO 2:request对象
Request request = new Request.Builder().url(str_url).post(formBody).build();
//TODO 3:call
Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
//TODO 4:加入队列 得到response
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
listener.onError(e.getMessage());
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
listener.onSuccess(response.body().string());
}
});
}
/***
* @param str_url 网址
* @param path 下载地址
* @param listener 监听
*/
public void download(String str_url, final String path, final MyFileListener listener){
//TODO 1:request对象
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(str_url)
.get()
//③”Accept-Encoding”, “identity”
.header("Accept-Encoding","identity")
.build();
//TODO 2:客户端发起连接得到call
Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
//TODO 3:加入队列得到response
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
listener.onError(e.getMessage());
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
ResponseBody body = response.body();
//TODO 1:获得总长度
long max = body.contentLength();
//TODO 2:得到输入流
InputStream inputStream = body.byteStream();
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(path);
byte[] bytes=new byte[1024];
int len=0;
int count=0;
while((len=inputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
fileOutputStream.write(bytes,0,len);
count+=len;
int progress= count*100/max;
listener.setProgress(progress);//通知进度
}
listener.onFinish();//通知完成
}
});
}
/****
*
* @param str_url 请求网址
* @param path 上传文件的路径
* @param filename 上传到服务器那边生成文件的名称
* @param type 类型
* @param listener 监听
*/
public void upload(String str_url, String path, String filename,String type, final MyFileListener listener){
//请求体如何设置
MultipartBody body=new MultipartBody.Builder()
.setType(MultipartBody.FORM)//设置方式
.addFormDataPart("file",filename, RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse(type),new File(path)))
.build();
//---------------------
Request request=new Request.Builder().url(str_url).post(body).build();
Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
call.enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
listener.onError(e.getMessage());
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
listener.onFinish();
}
});
}
}
3. model层编写
public interface OkHttpModel {
void get(String str_url, MyOkListener listener);
void post(String str_url, HashMap<String,String> map,MyOkListener listener);
void download(String str_url, String path, MyFileListener listener);
void upload(String str_url,String path,String filename,String type,MyFileListener listener);
}
public class OkHttpModelIpml implements OkHttpModel {
@Override
public void get(String str_url, MyOkListener listener) {
OkhttpUtils.getInstance().doget(str_url,listener);
}
@Override
public void post(String str_url, HashMap<String, String> map, MyOkListener listener) {
OkhttpUtils.getInstance().dopost(str_url,map,listener);
}
@Override
public void download(String str_url, String path, MyFileListener listener) {
OkhttpUtils.getInstance().download(str_url,path,listener);
}
@Override
public void upload(String str_url, String path, String filename, String type,MyFileListener listener) {
OkhttpUtils.getInstance().upload(str_url,path,filename,type,listener);
}
}
5.activity调用
private void post() {
//请求体
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("phone", "13594347817");
map.put("passwd", "123654");
model.post("https://www.apiopen.top/login?key=00d91e8e0cca2b76f515926a36db68f5&", map,
new MyOkListener() {
@Override
public void onError(final String mesage) {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "" + mesage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
@Override
public void onSuccess(final String json) {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "" + json, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
});
}
练习手册:
题目一:
使用okhttp post请求数据,完成建材网项目首页功能,自己安装app
①首页轮播图,UI 100%还原,使用banner完成
②首页中间菜单,UI 100%还原
③首页下面产品分类,UI 100%还原
④点击中间菜单图标,弹出对话框是否下载图标,下载图标到SD卡中
⑤对okhttp进行封装
⑥设置拦截器
⑦设置token拦截器
题目二:
1.使用okhttp下载一个视频,并显示进度条
http://uvideo.spriteapp.cn/video/2019/0512/56488d0a-7465-11e9-b91b-1866daeb0df1_wpd.mp4
2.使用okhttp上传文件到自己的hfs服务器中