调用系统相机和系统相册，并保存到沙盒中

调用系统相册或系统相机，用到的是**UIImagePickerController**。要遵循两个协议UIImagePickerControllerDelegate,UINavigationControllerDelegate。
具体代码如下：
调用相册：

self.imagePicker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc]init];
    self.imagePicker.allowsEditing = YES;
    self.imagePicker.delegate = self;
    self.imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
    self.imagePicker.mediaTypes = [UIImagePickerController availableMediaTypesForSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary];
    [self presentViewController:self.imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil];

在上面的sourceType分为三种：

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIImagePickerControllerSourceType) {
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,//相册
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,//相机
    UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum//图片库
} __TVOS_PROHIBITED;

当调用系统相机时，使用UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera这个类型

 //处理点击拍照
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceType sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera;
        if (![UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera]) {
            [self showHUDMessage:@"相机不可用"];//这里判断相机可不可以用
        }else{
            self.imagePicker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc]init];
            self.imagePicker.allowsEditing = YES;
            self.imagePicker.delegate = self;
            self.imagePicker.sourceType = sourceType;
            self.imagePicker.mediaTypes = [UIImagePickerController availableMediaTypesForSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera];
            [self presentViewController:self.imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil];
        }

实现代理方法：

pragma mark - ****************  选择图片回调方法
-(void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)info{
    UIImage *image = info[UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage];//获取选择的图片
    _lostImageView.image = image;
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}
-(void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker{
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}

写入沙盒:

pragma mark 获取沙盒中完整的文件路径
-(NSString *)getFilePath:(NSString *)fileName{
    NSString *filePath;

    //获取沙盒Documents目录路径
    NSArray *docPaths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,  NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *docPath = docPaths[0];
    //跟文件名组合起来(使用NSString的实例方法stringByAppendingPathComponent: 组成文件的完整路径）
    filePath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:fileName];
    NSLog(@"filePath：%@",filePath);
    return filePath;
}
/**
 * 将图片写进沙盒
 */
-(void)writeImageToDocPathsWith:(NSString *)imageName{
    //1、获取文件管理器（NSFileManager的类方法defaultManager：）
    NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];

    //2、检查文件是否存在（NSFileManager的实例方法fileExistsAtPath: ，参数是文件路径，需要调用方法获取）
    _filePath = [self getFilePath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.png",imageName]];
    if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:_filePath]) {
        //2.1、不存在此文件的话，创建该文件（NSFileManager的createFileAtPath: contents: attributes:实例方法)
        [fileManager createFileAtPath:_filePath contents:nil attributes:nil];
    }

    //3、写入文件内容，创建一个NSFileHandle，相当于打开（NSFileHandle的fileHandleForWritingAtPath:类方法）
    NSFileHandle *fileHandle = [NSFileHandle fileHandleForWritingAtPath:_filePath];

    //4、写入内容（获取内容字符串，调用内容字符串的dataUsingEncoding:实例方法转换成NSData类型，调用NSFileHandle的实例方法writeData:写入文件）

    NSData *fileData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(_lostImageView.image);    //[fileHandle truncateFileAtOffset:0];//相当于覆盖文件
    //文件句柄指向文件末尾，相当于给文件追加内容
    [fileHandle seekToEndOfFile];
    //写文件
    [fileHandle writeData:fileData];


    //5、写入完成之后关闭文件（调用NSFileHandle的实例方法closeFile:）
    [fileHandle closeFile];

}