1、首先确定好ip、端口号、是否在application-dev.yml中添加项目命名、以及确定接口路径
2、建立HttpClient工具类,代码如下,若是无参,可以传个空参过去即可
注:需要在pom.xml中引入以下jar包。至于工具类大致能看懂就行了,里面的东西不需要改动,直接复制到自己的utils文件夹下作为工具HttpClient工具包即可。不需要做任何改动,根据业务需求将参数封装到map中,无参直接传一个空map即可
<!-- 引入httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 使用StringUtils,作为判断 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.70</version>
</dependency>
package com.example.saledemo.utils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
/**
* 基于 httpclient 4.5版本的 http工具类
*
* @author 刘磊
*
*/
public class HttpClientTool {
private static final CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
// 采用静态代码块,初始化超时时间配置,再根据配置生成默认httpClient对象
static {
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(60000).setSocketTimeout(15000).build();
httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build();
}
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
return doGet(url, params, CHARSET);
}
public static String doGetSSL(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
return doGetSSL(url, params, CHARSET);
}
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws IOException {
return doPost(url, params, CHARSET);
}
/**
* HTTP Get 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
*/
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(url)) {
return null;
}
try {
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String value = entry.getValue();
if (value != null) {
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), value));
}
}
// 将请求参数和url进行拼接
url += "?" + EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, charset));
}
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpGet.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
response.close();
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* HTTP Post 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset)
throws IOException {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(url)) {
return null;
}
List<NameValuePair> pairs = null;
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String value = entry.getValue();
if (value != null) {
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), value));
}
}
}
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
if (pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0) {
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, CHARSET));
}
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpPost.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
return result;
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (response != null)
response.close();
}
return null;
}
/**
* HTTPS Get 获取内容
* @param url 请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
* @param params 请求的参数
* @param charset 编码格式
* @return 页面内容
*/
public static String doGetSSL(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charset) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(url)) {
return null;
}
try {
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String value = entry.getValue();
if (value != null) {
pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), value));
}
}
url += "?" + EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, charset));
}
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
// https 注意这里获取https内容,使用了忽略证书的方式,当然还有其他的方式来获取https内容
CloseableHttpClient httpsClient = HttpClientTool.createSSLClientDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpsClient.execute(httpGet);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
httpGet.abort();
throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
}
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = null;
if (entity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
response.close();
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 这里创建了忽略整数验证的CloseableHttpClient对象
* @return
*/
public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault() {
try {
SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
// 信任所有
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}).build();
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);
return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return HttpClients.createDefault();
}
}
3、新建一个测试类
package com.example.saledemo.https;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.example.saledemo.utils.HttpClientTool;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpMonthSale {
// main方法测试接口
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 需要传的参数
Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<>();
// 访问的url接口地址,ip:端口号/springboot中指定的项目名/接口路径
String url = "http://localhost:8085/monthticketsale/monthSaleAmount/querySalegoods";
// 获取返回的json字符串
String result = HttpClientTool.doGet(url,params);
// System.out.println("result="+result);
// 将json字符串转成json数组
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.parseArray(result);
// System.out.println(jsonArray);
}
}
4、写完后,启动idea,将接口项目启动起来,不然在启动main方法时,无法调用(这里一个是接口方项目,另一个是main方法,有先后顺序)
① 先启动接口项目
② 双击main方法,然后run启动main方法项目
5、观察控制台,接口方查询到的数据已经显示在控制台。
idea方式如图:
6、当然,我们往往都是将项目打包成war包的形式或者jar包的形式,通过tomcat(war方式),或者命令行方式(cmd->jar方式),发布到服务器中。和idea不同,idea是在自身编辑器的application-dev.yml这样的文件配置中进行配置的。也就是:
ip+端口号+项目设置的名字+接口--------来进行访问。
若配置中没设置项目命名,那么直接:ip+端口号+接口即可,不需要加项目名。(idea两种方式)
而打包前可以在pom.xml中的build中进行设置,起个名字。如图(tomcat两种方式)
注:<finalName>包名<finalName>,那么起好,clean-package之后,在项目的target文件夹下就会多出一个monthticketsale.war的包。将其复制到tomcat-webapps下,然后到bin目录下双击startup.bat,启动tomcat。完成后到网页输入:
ip+端口号+<finalName>对应的名字+接口即可访问。也就是:http://localhost:8080/monthticketsale/monthSaleAmount/querySalegoods
另一种方式:
在打包的时候不设置名字,那么就会默认artifactId+version的拼接:
ip+端口号+artifactId+version+接口即可访问。也就是:
http://localhost:8080/saledemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/monthSaleAmount/querySalegoods