django,uwsgi,nginx部署配置要点整理

注意：
1.只对关键点进行整理：
2.python_test是项目名称

环境：
python:v3.10.9

1.部署前，执行

python manage.py check --deploy
根据提示进行部署检查，调整，ssl相关的可以不做调整

2.settings.py最终版本

"""
Django settings for python_test project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.1.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/
"""
import os
from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'cf83e1357eefb8bdf1542850d66d8007d620e4050b5715dc83f4a921d36ce9ce47d0d13c5d85f2b0ff8318d2877eec2f63b931bd47417a81a538327af927da3e'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'python_test.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'python_test.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'test',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'TEST': {  # 测试用例数据库字符集
            'CHARSET': 'utf8',
            'COLLATION': 'utf8_general_ci',
        }
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

CACHES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0",
        "OPTIONS": {
            "PASSWORD": "123456",
            "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
            "SOCKET_CONNECT_TIMEOUT": 5,  # 连接redis超时时间，单位为秒
            "SOCKET_TIMEOUT": 5,  # redis读写操作超时时间，单位为秒
            "CONNECTION_POOL_KWARGS": {"max_connections": 100}
        }
    }
}

SESSION_ENGINE = "django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache"
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS = "default"

CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = True
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = True

STATICFILES_DIR = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
]
# 增加收集静态文件路径
STATIC_ROOT = '/data/python_test/static/'

3.收集项目静态文件命令

python manage.py collectstatic

4.uwsgi启动配置文件uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
#使用nginx连接时使用
#socket=127.0.0.1:8888
#直接做web服务器使用
http=127.0.0.1:8888
#项目目录
chdir=/data/python_test
#项目中wsgi.py文件的目录，相对于项目目录
wsgi-file=python_test/wsgi.py
module=python_test.wsgi:application
# 指定启动的工作进程数
processes=4
# 指定工作进程中的线程数
threads=2
master=True
# 启动使用的用户和组
uid=1000
gid=1000
# 退出自动清空环境变量
vacuum=True
# 设置uwsgi后台运行，用uwsgi.log保存日志信息
daemonize=/var/log/uwsgi/python_test.log
#进程文件
pidfile=/tmp/project-master.pid
#增加新的拓展包扫描路径，如果安装了mysql表，可以 通过python -m mysql 可以查看路径
pythonpath=/home/jacky/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages
# 静态文件映射
static-map=/static=/data/python_test/static
env=DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=python_test.settings

现在进入uwsgi.ini目录执行
uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini 运行uwsgi服务器，访问http://127.0.0.1:8888成功

5.配置nginx代理

server{
        listen 8008;# nginx监听端口
        server_name _;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/err_python_test.log;

        location /{
                uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8888; # uwsgi web服务端口
                include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params;
        }

        location /static/ { # 静态文件路径
                root /data/python_test/;

        }
}

访问http://localhost:8888成功