python安装第三方包超时HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘files.pythonhosted.org‘, port=443): Read timed out

pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘files.pythonhosted.org’, port=443): Read timed out

1. pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘files.pythonhosted.org’, port=443): Read timed out.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 178, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 352, in run
    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/resolve.py", line 131, in resolve
    self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/resolve.py", line 294, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/resolve.py", line 242, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    self.require_hashes
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 347, in prepare_linked_requirement
    progress_bar=self.progress_bar
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/download.py", line 886, in unpack_url
    progress_bar=progress_bar
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/download.py", line 746, in unpack_http_url
    progress_bar)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/download.py", line 954, in _download_http_url
    _download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/download.py", line 683, in _download_url
    hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py", line 62, in check_against_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/download.py", line 651, in written_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/utils/ui.py", line 156, in iter
    for x in it:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_internal/download.py", line 640, in resp_read
    decode_content=False):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 494, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 459, in read
    raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/contextlib.py", line 77, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 365, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, 'Read timed out.')
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
yongqiang@famu-sys:~$ 

安装超时
网络原因导致的安装超时，重新下载。

设置超时时间延长后重新下载。
下载命令后添加参数 --default-timeout=1000，时间可以自定义。
pip install 默认超时时间是 15s，在安装的过程中可能会超时。在执行命令时，可显式指定超时时间。
–default-timeout=100
–default-timeout=1000

sudo pip3 --default-timeout=100 install opencv-python==3.4.0.14
sudo pip3 --default-timeout=1000 install opencv-python==3.4.0.14

更换安装源。
清华大学开源软件镜像 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/

https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
sudo pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple scipy
sudo pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple scikit-learn

豆瓣开源镜像

https://pypi.douban.com/simple
sudo pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple scipy
sudo pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple scikit-learn