代码随想录算法训练营第八天| 字符串

344. 反转字符串

        使用双指针反转，反转字符串，其实就是反转字符数组，注意循环的退出条件。

class Solution {
    public void reverseString(char[] s) {
        int left = 0, right = s.length - 1;

        while (left < right) {
            char temp = s[left];
            s[left] = s[right];
            s[right] = temp;
            left++;
            right--;
        }
    }
}

541. 反转字符串 II
        2k是循环的增量，计算right时，需要注意将Math.min的值减1，因为涉及索引，数组中经常需要涉及减1的操作。

class Solution {
    public String reverseStr(String s, int k) {
        char[] arr = s.toCharArray();

        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i = i + 2*k) {
            int right = Math.min(s.length(), i + k) - 1;
            reverse(arr, i, right);
        }

        return new String(arr);
    }

    public void reverse(char[] arr, int left, int right) {
        while (left < right) {
            char temp = arr[left];
            arr[left] = arr[right];
            arr[right] = temp;
            left++;
            right--;
        }
    }
}

151.翻转字符串里的单词

        先去除空格，再翻转整个字符串，最后翻转每个单词。

class Solution {
    public String reverseWords(String s) {
        StringBuilder sb = trimSpaces(s);

        // 翻转字符串
        reverse(sb, 0, sb.length() - 1);

        // 翻转每个单词
        reverseEachWord(sb);

        return sb.toString();
    }

    public StringBuilder trimSpaces(String s) {
        int left = 0, right = s.length() - 1;
        // 去掉字符串开头的空白字符
        while (left <= right && s.charAt(left) == ' ') {
            ++left;
        }

        // 去掉字符串末尾的空白字符
        while (left <= right && s.charAt(right) == ' ') {
            --right;
        }

        // 将字符串间多余的空白字符去除
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while (left <= right) {
            char c = s.charAt(left);

            if (c != ' ') {
                sb.append(c);
            } else if (sb.charAt(sb.length() - 1) != ' ') {
                sb.append(c);
            }

            ++left;
        }
        return sb;
    }

    public void reverse(StringBuilder sb, int left, int right) {
        while (left < right) {
            char tmp = sb.charAt(left);
            sb.setCharAt(left++, sb.charAt(right));
            sb.setCharAt(right--, tmp);
        }
    }

    public void reverseEachWord(StringBuilder sb) {
        int n = sb.length();
        int start = 0, end = 0;

        while (start < n) {
            // 循环至单词的末尾
            while (end < n && sb.charAt(end) != ' ') {
                ++end;
            }
            // 翻转单词
            reverse(sb, start, end - 1);
            // 更新start，去找下一个单词
            start = end + 1;
            ++end;
        }
    }
}