SpringBoot:静态资源配置

1.webjars

webjars：以jar包形式引入的静态资源；https://www.webjars.org/;我们可以在这里找到很多我们需要的前端框架。

而所有的/webjars/**，都会去classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 下面寻找资源，所谓类路径，我们在项目中引入jquery的webjars实例如下：

SpringBoot的web项目默认可以通过/webjars/**命令访问通过jar包引入的资源。http://localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.js可以访问。

2.项目内的静态资源映射规则

2.1 一般的静态资源映射

@ConfigurationProperties(
    prefix = "spring.resources",
    ignoreUnknownFields = false
)
public class ResourceProperties {
    private static final String[] CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS = new String[]{"classpath:/META-INF/resources/", "classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/"};
}

//可以设置和静态资源有关的参数，缓存时间等

{"classpath:/META-INF/resources/", "classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/"}，这些就是默认的静态资源的存放文件夹。classpath的路径是：

也就是说在java和resources下创建resources&static&public&META-INF/resouces都可以被SpringBoot扫描到。

而它的映射方式是

 public WebMvcProperties() {
        this.localeResolver = WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.ACCEPT_HEADER;
        this.dispatchTraceRequest = false;
        this.dispatchOptionsRequest = true;
        this.ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect = true;
        this.throwExceptionIfNoHandlerFound = false;
        this.logResolvedException = false;
        this.staticPathPattern = "/**";    //映射替代
        this.async = new WebMvcProperties.Async();
        this.servlet = new WebMvcProperties.Servlet();
        this.view = new WebMvcProperties.View();
        this.contentnegotiation = new WebMvcProperties.Contentnegotiation();
        this.pathmatch = new WebMvcProperties.Pathmatch();
    }

根据this.staticPathPattern = "/**"; 我们知道以上默认的四种路径映射被"/**"所替代。所以我们在浏览器请求中只需要直接在项目路径后输入对应的"/resourceName.xxx"，SpringBoot就会自动在以上几个静态文件夹中去扫描相应的静态文件。SpringBoot还有首页的自动配置，如果什么都不输入，会自动去寻找index.html的页面进行反馈。

2.2 自动配置网页小图标

@Configuration
        @ConditionalOnProperty(
            value = {"spring.mvc.favicon.enabled"},
            matchIfMissing = true
        )
        public static class FaviconConfiguration implements ResourceLoaderAware {
            private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;
            private ResourceLoader resourceLoader;

            public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
                this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
            }

            public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
                this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
            }

            @Bean
            public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
                SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
                mapping.setOrder(-2147483647);
                mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico", this.faviconRequestHandler()));
                return mapping;
            }

            @Bean
            public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
                ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
                requestHandler.setLocations(this.resolveFaviconLocations());
                return requestHandler;
            }

            private List<Resource> resolveFaviconLocations() {
                String[] staticLocations = WebMvcAutoConfiguration.getResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations());
                List<Resource> locations = new ArrayList(staticLocations.length + 1);
                Stream var10000 = Arrays.stream(staticLocations);
                ResourceLoader var10001 = this.resourceLoader;
                var10001.getClass();
                var10000.map(var10001::getResource).forEach(locations::add);
                locations.add(new ClassPathResource("/"));
                return Collections.unmodifiableList(locations);
            }
        }

mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico", this.faviconRequestHandler()));所有的"**/favicon.ico"，继续看下面的方法：

可以看到它还是会在刚刚说的四个静态资源文件夹下面去找。然后将这个叫做favicon.ico的ico图标自动加载为当前项目的web图标。

2.3 自定义静态资源访问路径

@ConfigurationProperties(
    prefix = "spring.resources",
    ignoreUnknownFields = false
)
public class ResourceProperties {

在application.properties中修改spring.resources属性就可以修改默认的静态资源访问路径。

#修改默认的静态资源访问文件路径
spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/hello/,classpath:/njusoftware/