Hibernate中配置C3P0数据源步骤及hbm.xml 文件详解

> Hibernate中配置C3P0数据源步骤:

1、加入相关jar包:hibernate-release-4.2.4.Final\lib\optional\c3p0
2、在cfg中配置数据源的相关属性:

    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">10</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">5</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">2000</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">2000</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">10</property>

> hbm.xml 文件详解:

1、 一个文件可对应多个class, 但最好是一对一。
2、在一对多的情况下,在hibernate-mapping标签中可使用package标签方便多个class的name属性书写。
3、在class标签下有dynamic-insert/update,此标签在插入、更新单一属性时,若为true,则只set相关属性,反之,表的属性全部重新set。
4、在id 标签中,配置表的主键,尽量使用整型(int、long)节省内存空间。
5、id中generatr属性值:
increment:自增策略产生主键代理,执行分为select、自加两步,存在并发安全问题,开发中不使用,在测试中可以使用。
identity:在数据库底层实现自增,但Orale不支持,其没有自增实现。
sequence:利用了序列实现,但Mysql 不支持序列机制。

native: 用的最广,根据你所用的数据库类型,智能选择主键策略。
hilo:使用high/low算法实现主键自增策略,具有跨平台性,和数据库无关。其执行过程和increment一致,但在select后对查询结果进行了更改,因此不存在同时读到相同值的并发问题,是安全的。
et/stackedit

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开始报错如下,需更换c3p0包 org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.spi.ConnectionProvider] at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:261) at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:225) at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:206) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.buildJdbcConnectionAccess(JdbcServicesImpl.java:260) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:94) at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:111) at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:234) at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:206) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildTypeRegistrations(Configuration.java:1885) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1843) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1928) at test.UserTest01.save(UserTest01.java:20) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197) Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Could not instantiate connection provider [org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider] at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.ConnectionProviderInitiator.instantiateExplicitConnectionProvider(ConnectionProviderInitiator.java:197) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.ConnectionProviderInitiator.initiateService(ConnectionProviderInitiator.java:120) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.ConnectionProviderInitiator.initiateService(ConnectionProviderInitiator.java:55) at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:105) at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:251) ... 34 more Caused by: org.hibernate.boot.registry.selector.spi.StrategySelectionException: Unable to resolve name [org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider] as strategy [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.spi.ConnectionProvider] at org.hibernate.boot.registry.selector.internal.StrategySelectorImpl.selectStrategyImplementor(StrategySelectorImpl.java:128) at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.ConnectionProviderInitiator.instantiateExplicitConnectionProvider(ConnectionProviderInitiator.java:194) ... 38 more

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