简介
SSM:Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis
本篇博文对SSM框架比较繁琐的配置文件进行整合,有助于大家的学习以及之后SSM框架的快速搭建。
开发工具:IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1
构建工具:Maven
JDK:1.8
Java目录结构:
com.alimao.entity
com.alimao.dao
com.alimao.mapper
com.alimao.entity
com.alimao.service
com.alimao.service.impl
com.alimao.utils
com.alimao.controller
项目开发中采用注解注入形式,@Repository,@Service,@Controller,@Autowired,@RequestMapping
等
1. pom.xml文件
对于pom.xml文件,主要是properties、dependencies与build,其中properties可直接进行复制粘贴,build可按需选择,不建议直接复制。其中dependencies中基本都有注释,小伙伴们最好看一下,按需选择,如果初次搭建或者还不熟悉,可以直接全部复制,当然,此pom.xml并不是最全的SSM框架所需要的依赖,但是搭建一般开发项目足够。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.alimao</groupId>
<artifactId>projectname</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>yfbankmjh Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring-version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 测试所使用的包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- springmvc相关包 与 spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis 相关Jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- common-dbcp包 用于数据库的连接 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--Java Servlet 所需要的Jar包 Web开发所需要的包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--oracle连接java的驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.hynnet</groupId>
<artifactId>oracle-driver-ojdbc</artifactId>
<version>12.1.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql连接java的驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- alibaba fastjson 格式化对 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.28</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringMVC转换Json数据 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.5.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>projectname</finalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.20.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<!-- 解决Spring注解注入失败的问题 -->
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
2.web.xml文件
web.xml文件中,首先需要注意头部的xml,即
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
因为使用IDEA创建Maven项目,导入的可能是2.3版本的,版本比较低,大家使用3.0版本的,否则JSP文件中的${}表达式将不起作用,导致解析不了JSP出现错误。
配置文件的路径一定要跟自己放配置文件的路径一致。并且第一个定义全局变量,给监听使用的中的classpath后面有一个*号,不能丢,如果丢了,启动Tomcat服务器将会出现失败,因为找不到spring/applicationContext.xml文件。
RequestContextHolder监听配置,是为了在项目中使用Session,单独封装Session使用的。(按需)
Filter的配置,是解决项目中乱码的问题(按需)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- 定义全局变量,给监听使用 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:spring/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 定义全局变量,给监听使用 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- RequestContextHolder顾名思义,持有上下文的Request容器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置springmvc的前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<!-- 过滤以.do结尾的请求 -->
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 设置项目的字符集,防止乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
3.mybatis配置文件(resources/mybatis/mybatisConfiguration.xml)
其实mybatis配置文件是可以不写的,但是最好配置。
对于别名,可以给每个类起一个别名,也可以直接解析一个包下的所有别名,如果按包解析,默认是按照类名的小驼峰形式的。比如类名:UserInfo --> userInfo
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typeAliases>
<!--<typeAlias type="com.alimao.entity.UserInfo" alias="userinfo"/>-->
<package name="com.alimao.entity"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
4.spring配置文件(resources/spring/applicationContext.xml)
在Spring的配置文件中,存在着两种数据源:MySQL 与 Oracle,小伙伴们可以按需取用,但是一定要自行配置连接哦!否则,Tomcat启动会失败的。
当加载mapper文件的时候,<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/alimao/mapper/*.xml"></property>
,如果mapper包下暂时没有xml文件,可以先把这行注释掉,否则,Tomcat启动失败。
此配置文件并没有加入SpringAOP的事务与日志,需要的小伙伴可以自行加入。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd "
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context">
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yfbank?characterEncoding=utf8"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value=""></property>
<!--<property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"></property>-->
<!--<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl"></property>-->
<!--<property name="username" value="scott"></property>-->
<!--<property name="password" value="tiger"></property>-->
</bean>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.alimao.dao,com.alimao.service"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置sqlsessionfactory -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!-- 加载mybatis配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatisConfiguration.xml"></property>
<!-- 加载所有的mapper映射文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/alimao/mapper/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 自动扫描mybatis接口,并将接口生成代理bean注入spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- dao接口在哪里 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.alimao.dao"></property>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
5.SpringMVC配置文件(resources/springmvc/dispatcher-servlet.xml)
此配置文件主要是打开注解驱动,开启注解扫描,因为项目中采用的注解的方式进行注入的。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd "
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc">
<!-- 打开注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.alimao.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置springmvc的视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
6.Mapper文件格式
为了方便小伙伴们创建项目,Mapper文件的格式如下,直接粘贴就好。不过,注意namespace="com.alimao.dao.exampleDao"
换成自己项目中的类接口。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org/DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.alimao.dao.exampleDao">
<select id = "queryAll" resultType = "example">
select id,name from example
</select>
</mapper>