Python升级pip：python -m pip install --upgrade pip，socket.timeout: The read operation timed out加入超时处理方式

1、在cmd命令窗口中输入提示的命令即可：

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

2、如果遇到如下 超时 socket.timeout 问题：

G:\works\PythonCharmPre>python -m pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/54/0c/d01aa759fdc501a58f431eb594a1
7495f15b88da142ce14b5845662c13f3/pip-20.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
     |█▌                              | 61kB 1.8kB/s eta 0:12:54ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip\_vend
or\urllib3\response.py", line 425, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip\_vend
or\urllib3\response.py", line 507, in read
    data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip\_vend
or\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\http\client.py", line 4
54, in read
    n = self.readinto(b)
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\http\client.py", line 4
98, in readinto
    n = self.fp.readinto(b)
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\socket.py", line 669, i
n readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 1241, in
recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 1099, in
read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out

超时的原因是：

（1）国外的资源，下载本身比较慢，自己网络可能还是一般般的网速

（2）在cmd命令窗口输入pip ， 可以看到默认的超时的时间是 15 秒

可以在cmd命令窗口直接输入，也可以在PyCharm 的Terminal中输入：（timeout 的时间可以自己定义）

（请看完再决定这个方法用不用，虽然简单）反正最后是成功了

pip --default-timeout=900 install --upgrade pip