NSString知识点大全

NSString

//1、创建常量字符串

    NSString * string0 = @"this is a string";

    NSLog(@"string 0 = %@",string0);//string 0 = this is a string

//2、创建空字符串，给与赋值

    NSString * string1 = [[NSString alloc] init];

    string1 = @"this is a string";

    NSLog(@"string1 = %@",string1);//string1 = this is a string

//3、initwithstring 方法

    NSString * string2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:string1];

    NSLog(@"sting2 = %@",string2);//string2 = this is a string

//4、创建格式化字符串（由一个%加一个字符组成）

    NSInteger i = 10;

    NSInteger j = 20;

    NSString * string3 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"this is %ld string ! %ld",(long)i,(long)j];

    NSLog(@"string3 = %@",string3);//string3 = this is 10 string ! 20

//5、创建字符串

    NSString * string4 = @"this is a string";

    NSString * string5 = [NSString stringWithString:string4];

    NSLog(@"string5 = %@",string5);//string5 = this is a string

//6、从文件创建字符串

    NSString * path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"琴女" ofType:@"txt"];//pathForResource:@"琴女.txt" ofType:nil 和前面的效果一样

    NSString * string6 = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];

    NSLog(@"string6 = %@",string6);

//7、用字符串创建字符串，并写入文件中

    NSString * string7 = @"this is a string";

    NSString * path1 = @"琴女.txt";//路径不应该为bundle路径，应该改为沙盒路径才可以，bundle路径

    [string7 writeToFile:path1 atomically:YES encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];

//8、C语言中字符串的比较

    char string8[] = "string";

    char string9[] = "string";

    if (strcmp(string8, string9) == 0) {

        NSLog(@"字符串相等");

    }else{

        NSLog(@"字符串不相等");

    }// 字符串相等

//9、NSString  isEqualToString方法

    NSString * string10 = @"string";

    NSString * string11 = @"string";

    BOOL result = [string11 isEqualToString:string10];

    NSLog(@"result = %d",result);//1

//10、compare方法（compare返回的三种值）

    //(1)

    NSString * string01 = @"This is a string!";

    NSString * string02 = @"this is a string!";

    BOOL result1 = [string01 compare:string02] == NSOrderedSame; //NSOrderedSame判断两者内容是否相同

    NSLog(@"result1 = %d",result1);//1

    //(2)

    NSString * string03 = @"This is a string!";

    NSString * string04 = @"this is a string!";

    BOOL result2 = [string03 compare:string04] == NSOrderedAscending;//NSOrderedAscending判断对象值的大小（按字母顺序进行比较，string04大于string03为真

    NSLog(@"result2 = %d",result2);//1

    //(3)

    NSString * string05 = @"This is a string!";

    NSString * string06 = @"this is a string!";

    BOOL result3 = [string05 compare:string06] == NSOrderedDescending;//NSOrderedDescending判断两者的大小（按字母顺序进行比较）string06大于string05 为真

    NSLog(@"result3 = %d",result3);//0

//11 不考虑大小写比较字符串

    //(1)

    NSString * string1 = @"this is a string!";

    NSString * string2 = @"This is a string!";

    BOOL result1 = [string1 caseInsensitiveCompare:string2] == NSOrderedSame;//NSOrderedDescending判断两对象值的大小(按字母顺序进行比较，astring02小于astring01为真)

    NSLog(@"result1 = %d",result1);//1

    //(2)

    NSString * string3 = @"this is a string!";

    NSString * string4 = @"This is a string!";

    BOOL result2 = [string3 compare:string4 options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch] == NSOrderedSame;//NSCaseInsensitiveSearch:不区分大小写比较 NSLiteralSearch:进行完全比较，区分大小写 NSNumericSearch:比较字符串的字符个数，而不是字符值。

    NSLog(@"result2 = %d",result2);

  //12 输出大写或者小写字符串

    NSString * string5 = @"A String";

    NSString * string6 = @"string";

    NSLog(@"string5 = %@",[string5 uppercaseString]);//大写

    NSLog(@"string5 = %@",[string5 lowercaseString]);//小写

    NSLog(@"string6 = %@",[string6 capitalizedString]);//首字母大写

  //13 -rangeOfString:查找字符串某处是否包含其他字符串

    NSString * string7 = @"this is a string";

    NSString * string8 = @"string";

    NSRange range = [string8 rangeOfString:string7];

    NSInteger location = range.location;

    NSInteger length = range.length;

    NSString * string9 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"location:%li,length:%li",(long)location,(long)length];

    NSLog(@"string9 = %@",string9);//string9 = location:9223372036854775807,length:0

  //14 - substringFromInsex:以指定位置开始（包括指定位置的字符），并包括之后的全部字符 [index,length];

    NSString * string10 = @"this is a string";

    NSString * string11 = [string10 substringFromIndex:3];

    NSLog(@"string11 = %@",string11);//string11 = s is a string

  //15 - substringToIndex 从字符串的开头一直截取到指定的位置，但不包括该位置的字符 [0,index);

    NSString * string12 = @"this is a string";

    NSString * string13 = [string12 substringToIndex:3];

    NSLog(@"string13 = %@",string13);//string13 = thi

  //16 -substringWithRange 按照所给出的位置，长度，任意的从字符串中截取子串 （从第几个元素开始，截取的字符长度）

    NSString * string14 = @"this is a string";

    NSString * string15 = [string14 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(10, 5)];

    NSLog(@"string15 = %@",string15);//string15 = strin

//17、-hasPrefix: //检查字符串是否以另一个字符串开头  hasSuffix: //检查字符串是否以另一个字符串结尾

    NSString * string1 = @"this is a school";

    if ([string1 hasPrefix:@"thi"] == 1) {

        NSLog(@"true!");

    }else{

        NSLog(@"error!");

    }//true!

    if ([string1 hasSuffix:@"school"]) {

        NSLog(@"yes!");

    }else{

        NSLog(@"no!");

    }//yes!

      18、NSString 转 NSData

      NSString* str= @"kilonet";

      NSData* data=[str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

NSMutableString

//1、-appendString:and -appendFormat: 把一个字符串接在另一个字符串的末尾

    NSMutableString * string1 = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"this is a string"];

    [string1 appendString:@"  hello world"];

    NSMutableString * string2 = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"hello world"];

    NSInteger i = 1250;

    [string2 appendFormat:@"%ld",(long)i];

    NSLog(@"string1 = %@",string1);//string1 = this is a string  hello world

    NSLog(@"string2 = %@",string2);//string2 = hello world1250

    

    //2、-insertString：atIndex: 在指定位置插入字符串

    NSMutableString * string3 = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"this is a string!"];

    [string3 insertString:@"~~~hello~~~" atIndex:3];

    NSLog(@"string3 = %@",string3);//string3 = thi~~~hello~~~s is a string!

    //3、 -setString: 重置

    NSMutableString * string4 = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"this is a string!"];

    [string4 setString:@"~Hello~"];

    NSLog(@"string4 = %@",string4);//string4 = ~Hello~

    //4、-replaceCharactersInRange:withString:  用指定字符串替换字符串中某指定位置、长度的字符串

    NSMutableString * string5 = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"this is a string!"];

    [string5 replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(2, 4) withString:@"!!!!"];

    NSLog(@"string5 = %@",string5);//string5 = th!!!!s a string!