TOEFL写作——综合写作基本信息

评分方式综合写作(Integrated Writing)独立写作(Independent Writing)
机器评分(满分)5分5分
人工评分(满分)5分5分
平均分5分5分

最后折算成满分30分。

 

Integrated Writing

  • Step1: 3分钟时间,阅读一篇文章。
  • Step2:听一篇与阅读相关的听力讲座。
  • Step3:在20分钟里,写一篇结合听力和阅读的总结性文章。

本质上相当于信息集成

得分点包括但不限于:对象、观点、论据、细节。

不需要你自己的观点。

 

Integrated Writing三大难点(得分点)

一、精确的数字
模糊化
二、大量细节堆砌
只写1个细节+“其他这类东西”
三、专有名词
关注专有名词背后的意思,定语和同位语

 

 

综合写作开头段:

阅读首段

  1. 讨论对象(人、物、现象)
  2. 阅读的观点(好/不好)

听力首段

  1. 确认与阅读的关系(赞成还是反对,但99.9%可能性是反对)
  2. 用笔记记下听力的观点

*往往,首段尾句表明阅读的观点

 

综合写作中间段:

中间段,2个句群:
第一个句群:
首先,阅读认为,<填入阅读的分论点>
第二个句群:然而,
听力认为,<听力的论据1><听力的论据2>
 

作文样例:

In the lecture, the professor is skeptical about the idea of the reading passage that there are several important flaws in online encyclopedias, and as a result, they are less valuable than traditional, printed encyclopedias. The professor, however, argues that online encyclopedias are of great value.

在讲座中,教授对Reading部分的观点如在线百科全书有很多严重的缺陷持怀疑态度,而正是缺陷这一说,导致了在线百科不如传统百科更有价值。然而,教授认为在线百科有很大的价值。
First, in the reading passage, it is pointed out that online encyclopedias often lack academic credentials and, in most cases, they are inaccurate. On the contrary, the professor maintains that mistakes are common in traditional encyclopedias as well. However, it is easier to correct mistakes in online encyclopedias than in traditional encyclopedias, where mistakes will remain for decades.

第一,在Reading部分,它指出了在线百科经常缺乏学术资格认定,它们绝大多数是不准确的。相反地,教授坚持自己的意见认为错误在传统百科也很常见。然而,在线百科比传统百科更容易修正错误,传统百科的错误可能会存在数年。

Second, the professor then challenges the reading's idea that there are full opportunities for hackers to corrupt information in online encyclopedias. She suggests that two effective strategies have been widely adopted to protect the articles in online encyclopedias from hackers: one is to put the crucial facts in a read- only format, and the other is to employ special editors to monitor all the changes and eliminate malicious changes.

第二,教授接着对Reading部分的观点提出质疑,比如在线百科太容易被黑客攻击。她指出两个有效的策略已经被广泛地采用去保护在线百科地文章免受黑客的攻击:一个是把重要文章设置为只读,另一种是采用特殊的编辑器去监视所有更改并消除恶意更改。
Finally, the professor addresses the unlimited space of online encyclopedias as one of their advantages. Also, they could best meet the demands of readers with diverse interests and tastes. However, according to the reading passage, online encyclopedias frequently focus on trivial and popular topics instead of historical events that deserve more public attention.

最后,教授解释在线百科有无限的存储空间作为它们的优势。并且,它们可以最好地符合有各种各样兴趣和嗜好的读者的要求。然而,根据Reading部分,网络百科全书经常关注一些琐碎的热门话题,而不是那些值得公众更多关注的历史事件。


 

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