01--Scrapy入门

创建项目

scrapy startproject mySpider

生成一个爬虫

scrapy genspider itcast “itcast.cn”

	name = 'itcast'  # 爬虫名
    allowed_domains = ['itcast.cn']  # 允许爬的范围

提取数据

完善spider,使用xpath等方法

• settings中加上LOG_LEVEL = "WARNING"去掉一些log日志
• 管道

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'myspider.pipelines.MyspiderPipeline': 300,
    'myspider.pipelines.MyspiderPipeline1': 301,
}

保存数据

pipeline中保存数据

itcast.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy


class ItcastSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'itcast'  # 爬虫名
    allowed_domains = ['itcast.cn']  # 允许爬的范围
    start_urls = ['http://www.itcast.cn/channel/teacher.shtml']  # 最开始请求的url地址

    def parse(self, response):
        # 处理start_url地址的相应的
        # ret = response.xpath("//div[@class='tea_con']//h3/text()").extract()
        # print(ret)
        # 分组
        li_list = response.xpath("//div[@class='tea_con']//li")
        item = {}
        for li in li_list:
            item["name"] = li.xpath(".//h3/text()").extract_first()
            item["title"] = li.xpath(".//h4/text()").extract_first()
            # print(item)
            yield item

利用xpath提取数据

管道处理数据

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


class MyspiderPipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        item["hello"] = "world"
        return item

class MyspiderPipeline1(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        print(item)
        return item

因为在setting里设置的管道1为300,管道2为301,所以,先经过管道1再经过管道2,在管道1中把字典加上了一个字段"hello",管道2就能收到这个数据