一、Python安装
1.Windows安装
2.Linux安装
yum install python -y #centos
apt-get install python -y #Ubuntu
pkg install python -y #termux
二、django安装
pip install django
三、django项目开发
django项目创建
django-admin startproject mysite #项目名
cd mysite #进入目录
tree #查看文件结构
执行tree后看到文件结构如下:
- manage.py是django管理项目的工具
- setting.py是项目配置文件
- urls.py是项目的路由文件
- wsgi.py是负责服务器通信的文件
- asgi.py是负责服务器通信的文件
- init.py是一个空文件,告诉 Python 该目录是一个 Python 包。
首次创建完我们需要知道setting.py文件的配置项
setting.py文件内容如下
"""
Django settings for zgsp project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.1.1.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/
"""
from pathlib import Path
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-lat18ki_=z%!xk23*g32__gsjug-a5&c_pm=yx31ei&(a+gtr0'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
### ** 注意这里需要写入你创建的app**
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'zgsp.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'zgsp.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#databases
### 注意这里需要配置你的数据库
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/i18n/
##注意这路配置你的语言时间相关
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/howto/static-files/
#注意这里配置你的静态文件目录位置
STATIC_URL = 'static/'
# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
创建完项目后需要下一步操作
django启动项目
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000 #ip地址和
启动完我们在浏览器输入本地环回地址127.0.0.1可以看到django页面如下:
django APP创建
python manage.py startapp myapp