mysql5.6镜像使用-自定义配置文件-重点4-mysql的docker安装和配置文件使用

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docker拉取mysql5.6镜像，并run一个容器，使用mysql服务

在宿主机：192.168.224.130上安装docker，再下载mysql5.6镜像后运行mysql5.6容器(和宿主机端口映射和目录映射)，通过宿主机访问容器mysql数据

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS          

[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql:5.6

NAME                                                 DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED

mysql                                                MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   7939                [OK]                

mariadb                                              MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   2653                [OK]                

mysql/mysql-server                                   Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   598                          

…………

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.6

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

docker.io/mysql     5.6                 b3983abaa3fe        10 days ago         302 MB

1)先随便运行一个mysql5.6容器测试一下，供分析一下里面的配置文件、数据目录、日志目录等位置

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /tmp:/tmp -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES

136c6ff4b13b        mysql:5.6           "docker-entrypoint..."   5 seconds ago       Up 1 second         0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

root@136c6ff4b13b:/# mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

+--------------------+

mysql> create database ku;

mysql> use ku;

mysql> create table biao (name varchar(10),age int(2));

mysql> insert into biao values ("shi",28);

mysql> select * from biao;

+------+------+

| name | age  |

+------+------+

| shi  |   28 |

+------+------+

mysql> show engines;

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |

| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |

| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

mysql> quit

root@136c6ff4b13b:/# exit

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /                    #查看容器里/下目录

bin   docker-entrypoint-initdb.d  home  media proc  sbin  tmp

boot  entrypoint.sh   lib  mnt root  srv   usr

dev   etc   lib64  opt run   sys   var

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /var/lib/mysql       #查看容器里数据目录

auto.cnf  ib_logfile0  ib_logfile1  ibdata1  ku  mysql performance_schema

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql           #查看容器里配置文件目录

conf.d my.cnf my.cnf.fallback  mysql.cnf  mysql.conf.d

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf |grep -v "#"

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql/conf.d

docker.cnf  mysql.cnf  mysqldump.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d

mysqld.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql cat /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf |grep -v "#"

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

symbolic-links=0

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql cat /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf

[mysql]

分析结果：

a)容器中主配置文件位置：/etc/mysql/my.cnf,里面啥都没有，只是include了一个目录路径，供存放配置文件和修改配置文件使用。

b)容器里引用的配置文件目录位置：/etc/mysql/conf.d/和/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

c)容器里服务端mysqld.conf文件位置：/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

d)容器里客户端mysql.conf文件位置：/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf

e)容器里的目录位置：默认没有，可以映射一个/logs，供以后查看日志使用。

f)容器里的数据文件位置：/var/lib/mysql

2)分析出镜像文件的各个需要位置后，删除测试的容器，重新运行一个各个目录和宿主机映射的容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm -f mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

docker.io/mysql     5.6                 b3983abaa3fe        10 days ago         302 MB

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \

> -v /media/mysql/logs:/logs \                  #容器里没有/logs路径,映射日志目录，可以修改容器配置文件将日志位置指向这里

> -v /media/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \         #容器里有/var/lib/mysql路径

> -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \

> -d mysql:5.6   #回车即可，-d是后台运行,mysql:5.6是镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES

9881e17ca37d        mysql:5.6           "docker-entrypoint..."   6 seconds ago       Up 5 seconds        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /

bin   docker-entrypoint-initdb.d  home  logs opt   run   sys  var   #映射目录创建容器后，容器里的日志路径/logs

boot  entrypoint.sh   lib  media proc  sbin  tmp

dev   etc   lib64  mnt root  srv   usr

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /var/lib/mysql      #映射配置文件创建容器后，容器里数据文件目录不丢

auto.cnf  ib_logfile0  ib_logfile1  ibdata1  mysql  performance_schema

                                                                             #配置文件没做映射，所以还都是保持分析容器时的情况

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql

conf.d my.cnf my.cnf.fallback  mysql.cnf  mysql.conf.d

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql/conf.d

docker.cnf  mysql.cnf  mysqldump.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d

mysqld.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

root@9881e17ca37d:/# mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

+--------------------+

mysql> create database ku;

mysql> use ku;

mysql> create table biao (name varchar(10),age int(2));

mysql> insert into biao values ("shi2",30);

mysql> select * from biao;

+------+------+

| name | age  |

+------+------+

| shi2 |   30 |

+------+------+

mysql> show engines;

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |

| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |

| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

mysql> quit

root@9881e17ca37d:/# exit

3)将容器内服务端配置文件mysqld.cnf拷贝出来，进行修改成自定义的配置文件，默认存储引擎修改成：myisam

[root@localhost ~]# docker cp mysql:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf mysqld.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# vim mysqld.cnf

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

log-error = /logs/error.log               #修改成和宿主机映射目录，方便查看日志

default-storage-engine=myisam                #添加，修改默认存储引擎为myisam

symbolic-links=0

4)将自定义修改的mysqld.cnf拷贝覆盖到容器中

[root@localhost ~]# docker cp mysqld.cnf mysql:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql cat /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

log-error = /logs/error.log

default-storage-engine=myisam

symbolic-links=0

5)重启容器：

[root@localhost ~]# docker restart mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES

9881e17ca37d        mysql:5.6           "docker-entrypoint..."   6 minutes ago       Up 10 seconds       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql

6)登录容器查看默认存储引擎已经修改，表示自定义的配置文件生效

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

root@9881e17ca37d:/# mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> use ku;

mysql> select * from biao;

+------+------+

| name | age  |

+------+------+

| shi2 |   30 |

+------+------+

mysql> show engines;

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |

| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MyISAM             | DEFAULT | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| InnoDB             | YES     | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |

| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

mysql> quit

root@9881e17ca37d:/# exit

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES

9881e17ca37d        mysql:5.6           "docker-entrypoint..."   8 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysqll

客户端：用navicat访问宿主机ip和映射端口3306，从而访问容器mysql数据，如下：

注意： docker stop mysql 停止后，数据库无法访问，再docker start mysql后，mysql服务自动就起来了，可直接访问

docker拉取mysql5.6镜像，并run一个容器，使用mysql服务——最全参数（非常重要）

在宿主机：192.168.224.130上安装docker，再下载mysql5.6镜像后运行mysql5.6容器(和宿主机端口映射和目录映射)，通过宿主机访问容器mysql数据

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS          

[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql:5.6

NAME                                                 DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED

mysql                                                MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   7939                [OK]                

mariadb                                              MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   2653                [OK]                

mysql/mysql-server                                   Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   598                          

…………

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.6

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

docker.io/mysql     5.6                 b3983abaa3fe        10 days ago         302 MB

1)先随便运行一个mysql5.6容器测试一下，供分析一下里面的配置文件、数据目录、日志目录等位置

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /tmp:/tmp -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES

136c6ff4b13b        mysql:5.6           "docker-entrypoint..."   5 seconds ago       Up 1 second         0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

root@136c6ff4b13b:/# mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

+--------------------+

mysql> create database ku;

mysql> use ku;

mysql> create table biao (name varchar(10),age int(2));

mysql> insert into biao values ("shi",28);

mysql> select * from biao;

+------+------+

| name | age  |

+------+------+

| shi  |   28 |

+------+------+

mysql> show engines;

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |

| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MyISAM             | YES     | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| InnoDB             | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |

| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

mysql> quit

root@136c6ff4b13b:/# exit

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /                    #查看容器里/下目录

bin   docker-entrypoint-initdb.d  home  media proc  sbin  tmp

boot  entrypoint.sh   lib  mnt root  srv   usr

dev   etc   lib64  opt run   sys   var

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /var/lib/mysql       #查看容器里数据目录

auto.cnf  ib_logfile0  ib_logfile1  ibdata1  ku  mysql performance_schema

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql           #查看容器里配置文件目录

conf.d my.cnf my.cnf.fallback  mysql.cnf  mysql.conf.d

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf |grep -v "#"

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql/conf.d

docker.cnf  mysql.cnf  mysqldump.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql ls /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d

mysqld.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql cat /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf |grep -v "#"

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

symbolic-links=0

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql cat /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf

[mysql]

分析结果：

a)容器中主配置文件位置：/etc/mysql/my.cnf,里面啥都没有，只是include了一个目录路径，供存放配置文件和修改配置文件使用。

b)容器里引用的配置文件目录位置：/etc/mysql/conf.d/和/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

c)容器里服务端mysqld.conf文件位置：/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

d)容器里客户端mysql.conf文件位置：/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf

e)容器里的目录位置：默认没有，可以映射一个/logs，供以后查看日志使用。

f)容器里的数据文件位置：/var/lib/mysql

2)分析出镜像文件的各个需要位置后，将容器内服务端配置文件mysqld.cnf拷贝出来，进行修改成自定义的配置文件，默认存储引擎修改成：myisam

[root@localhost ~]# docker cp mysql:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf mysqld.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# vim mysqld.cnf

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

log-error = /logs/error.log               #修改成和宿主机映射目录，方便查看日志

default-storage-engine=myisam                #添加，修改默认存储引擎为myisam

symbolic-links=0

3)删除测试的容器，重新运行一个各个目录和宿主机映射的容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm -f mysql

[root@localhost ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

docker.io/mysql     5.6                 b3983abaa3fe        10 days ago         302 MB

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /media/mysql

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /media/mysql/conf

[root@localhost ~]# cp mysqld.cnf /media/mysql/conf/

[root@localhost ~]# vim /media/mysql/conf/mysqld.cnf

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

log-error = /logs/error.log               #修改成和宿主机映射目录，方便查看日志

default-storage-engine=myisam                #添加，修改默认存储引擎为myisam

symbolic-links=0

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \

> -v /media/mysql/logs:/logs \                  #容器里没有/logs路径,映射日志目录，可以修改容器配置文件将日志位置指向这里

> -v /media/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \         #容器里有/var/lib/mysql路径

> -v /media/mysql/conf/mysqld.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf \       #容器里有/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf路径

> -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \

> -d mysql:5.6   #回车即可，-d是后台运行,mysql:5.6是镜像

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES

0f60d8316b3d        mysql:5.6           "docker-entrypoint..."   5 seconds ago       Up 5 seconds        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql

4)登录容器查看默认存储引擎已经修改，表示自定义的配置文件生效

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

root@0f60d8316b3d:/# mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

+--------------------+

mysql> show engines;

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| Engine             | Support | Comment                                                        | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| FEDERATED          | NO      | Federated MySQL storage engine                                 | NULL         | NULL | NULL       |

| MRG_MYISAM         | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MyISAM             | DEFAULT | MyISAM storage engine                                          | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| BLACKHOLE          | YES     | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| CSV                | YES     | CSV storage engine                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MEMORY             | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables      | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| ARCHIVE            | YES     | Archive storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| InnoDB             | YES     | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys     | YES          | YES  | YES        |

| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES     | Performance Schema                                             | NO           | NO   | NO         |

+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

mysql> create database ku;

mysql> use ku;

mysql> create table biao (name varchar(10),age int(2));

mysql> insert into biao values ("shi2",30);

mysql> select * from biao;

+------+------+

| name | age  |

+------+------+

| shi2 |   30 |

+------+------+

mysql> quit

root@0f60d8316b3d:/# exit

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES

0f60d8316b3d        mysql:5.6           "docker-entrypoint..."   5 minutes ago       Up 5 minutes        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql

客户端：用navicat访问宿主机ip和映射端口3306，从而访问容器mysql数据，如下：

注意： docker stop mysql 停止后，数据库无法访问，再docker start mysql后，mysql服务自动就起来了，可直接访问

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