django学习笔记---使用orm实现用户的增删改查

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-28 11:28:06 发布

xiaoa~

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-28 11:28:06 发布

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分类专栏： Django学习笔记

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34964399/article/details/79435388

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Django练习的基本框架

主程序url.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'app1/',include("app01.urls")),   # 路由分级
    url(r'app2/',include("app02.urls")),
]

app01 下

admin.py

from app01 import models

admin.site.register(models.UserInfo)
admin.site.register(models.UserGroup)

在主程序url.py写上admin的url，这样在django.admin中就有

url.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^login/', views.login),# 看视频说，这个login/ 和login.html中的form表单的login/要么都加，要么都不加，不过貌似现在只能都加
    url(r'^orm/', views.orm),
    url(r'^index1/',views.index1),
    url(r'^user_info/',views.user_info),
    url(r'^userInfoDetail-(?P<nid>\d+)/',views.userInfoDetail),
    url(r'^userInfoDel-(?P<nid>\d+)/',views.userInfoDel),
    url(r'^useredit-(?P<nid>\d+)/',views.userInfoEdit),
]

`models.py 用于创建表`

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class UserGroup(models.Model):
    uid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)   # 设为自增，就要设为主键
    caption = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    ctime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)   # 创建数据的时候，这个就会自动创建，比如在views.login
    uptime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, null=True)     # 记录更新的时间

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=20)   # EmailField保证在django.admin时提交数据的格式
    ip4 = models.GenericIPAddressField(editable=False)   # IP格式 如果不写null=True，就要自动在终端写
    ip6 = models.GenericIPAddressField()   # IP格式

    # 用于关联UserGroup表，关联的键为‘uid'，在user_info中生成user_group_id的表。同时可以获取user_group对象，user_group.uid / user_group_caption
    user_group = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup',to_field='uid',default=1)

    # 作用1.一般不会变更的属性，比如外键，那么就可以像user_type_choices存储在内存中，避免连表查询，数据库一般很少进行连表查询 2.在sql表中存储的还是数字，但是在django.admin中就有超级/普通/低级选项
    user_type_choices = (
        (1,'超级用户'),
        (2,'普通用户'),
        (1,'低级用户'),
    )
    user_type_id = models.IntegerField(choices=user_type_choices,default=1)

views.py 业务处理

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect

# Create your views here.
#先导入models
from app01 import models

def login(request):
    # models.UserGroup.objects.create(caption='t1')
    # models.UserGroup.objects.filter(uid=1).update(caption='t2')
    # obj = models.UserGroup.objects.filter(uid=1).first()
    # obj.caption = 't3'
    # obj.save()
    userInfo = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    for row in userInfo:
        print(row.user_group.caption)
    return HttpResponse('App01')

def index1(request):
    return render(request,'index1.html')

def orm(request):
    # 增1 推荐这种
    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(name='Tom',pwd='123')
    # dic1 = {'name':"John",'pwd':111}
    # models.UserInfo.objects.create(**dic1)
    #增2
    # obj = models.UserInfo(name="alex",pwd=222)     # 或者先创建一个实例 obj = models.UserInfo() obj.name='alex' obj.pwd=222 obj.save()
    # obj.save()

    #查
    # obj = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    # for ele in obj:
    #     print(ele.name,ele.pwd)
    # obj1 = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(name='Tom').first()   // UserInfo object
    # print(obj1.name,obj1.pwd)

    #改
    # models.UserInfo.objects.filter(name='Tom',id=1).update(pwd='new2')

    # 删
    # models.UserInfo.objects.filter(name='John').delete()

    # 创建有外键关联的表
    models.UserInfo.objects.create(
        name="Anna",
        pwd='111',
        email='126@126.com',
        ip4='2.1.1.1',
        ip6='1.1.1.1',
        user_type_id='2',
        user_group_id=4,
    )
    return HttpResponse("ORM 202")

def user_info(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        # print(user_list.query)   // 能打印出QuerySet的具体信息
        userGroupList = models.UserGroup.objects.all()
        return render(request,'user_info.html',{'user_list':user_list,'userGroupList':userGroupList})
    # 添加功能，添加新的用户后重定向到app1/user_info页面
    elif request.method == "POST":
        name = request.POST.get('name')
        pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
        email = request.POST.get('email')
        ip4 = request.POST.get('ip4')
        ip6 = request.POST.get('ip6')
        user_type_id = request.POST.get('user_type_id')
        user_group_id = request.POST.get('user_caption')
        # print(name,pwd  )
        models.UserInfo.objects.create(name=name,pwd=pwd,email=email,ip4=ip4,ip6=ip6,user_type_id=user_type_id,user_group_id=user_group_id)
        return redirect('app1/user_info')

def userInfoDetail(request,nid):
    '''
    :param request:
    :param nid: 用户在数据库中的id号
    :return:
    '''
    userInfo = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
    print(userInfo.name)
    # print(models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).name)
    # userInfo = models.UserInfo.objects.get(id=6)   //get 直接能取到，如果不存在，直接报错，filter不存在只会返回none
    return render(request,'userInfoDetail.html',{'userInfo':userInfo})

def userInfoDel(request,nid):
    # models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
    models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
    return redirect('/app1/user_info')
    # return redirect('http://www.baidu.com')

def userInfoEdit(request,nid):
    if request.method == "GET":
        userInfo = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
        return render(request,'userInfoEdit.html',{'userInfo':userInfo})
    elif request.method == "POST":
        name = request.POST.get('name')
        pwd = request.POST.get('pwd')
        models.UserInfo.objects.filter(id=nid).update(name=name,pwd=pwd)
        return redirect('/app1/user_info')

template 下的各种模板

user_info.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .pg-header{
            height:70px;
            background-color:red;
            text-align:center;
            font-size:50px;
        }
        .menu{
            background-color: grey;
            width:150px;
            position:absolute;
            top: 70px;
            left:0;
            bottom:0;
        }
        .a{
            display:block;
            padding:5px 0;
        }
        .right_page{
            background-color:#dedeec;
            position:absolute;
            left:150px;
            top:70px;
            bottom:0;
            right:0;
            overflow:auto;
            padding-left:20px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body style="margin:0">
    <div class="pg-header">这是测试表头</div>
    <div class="menu">
        <a class='a' href="/app1/user_info">用户信息</a>
        <a class='a' href="/app1/user_group">用户组信息</a>
    </div>
    <div class="right_page">
        <h3>添加用户</h3>
        <form method="POST" action="/app1/user_info/ ">
            <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="姓名"/>
            <input type="text" name="pwd" placeholder="密码"/>
            <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="邮箱"/>
            <input type="text" name="ip4" placeholder="ip4"/>
            <input type="text" name="ip6" placeholder="ip6"/>
            <input type="text" name="user_type_id" placeholder="user_type_id"/>
            <select name="user_caption">
                {% for row in userGroupList %}
                    <option value="{{ row.uid }}">{{ row.caption }}</option>
                {% endfor %}
            </select>
            <input type="submit"  value="添加"/>
        </form>
        <h3>用户信息</h3>
        <ul>
            {% for row in user_list %}
                <li>
                    <a href="/app1/userInfoDetail-{{ row.id }}">{{ row.name }}</a> |
                    <a href="/app1/useredit-{{ row.id }}">编辑</a> |
                    <a href="/app1/userInfoDel-{{ row.id }}">删除</a>
                </li>
            {% endfor %}
        </ul>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

显示页面

userInfoDetail.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title><!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .pg-header{
            height:70px;
            background-color:red;
            text-align:center;
            font-size:50px;
        }
        .menu{
            background-color: grey;
            width:150px;
            position:absolute;
            top: 70px;
            left:0;
            bottom:0;
        }
        .a{
            display:block;
            padding:5px 0;
        }
        .right_page{
            background-color:#dedeec;
            position:absolute;
            left:150px;
            top:70px;
            bottom:0;
            right:0;
            overflow:auto;
            padding-left:20px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body style="margin:0">
    <div class="pg-header">这是测试表头</div>
    <div class="menu">
        <a class='a' href="/app1/user_info">用户信息</a>
        <a class='a' href="/app1/user_group">用户组信息</a>
    </div>
    <div class="right_page">
        <ul><h3>用户信息</h3>
            <li>姓名:  {{ userInfo.name }}</li>
            <li>密码:  {{ userInfo.pwd }}</li>
            <li>邮箱:  {{ userInfo.email }}</li>
            <li>ip4:  {{ userInfo.ip4 }}</li>
            <li>ip6:  {{ userInfo.ip6 }}</li>
            <li>user_type_id:  {{ userInfo.user_type_id }}</li>
            <li>user_group_id:  {{ userInfo.user_group_id }}</li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

点击上图的姓名后显示该用户的详细信息

userInfoEdit.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .pg-header{
            height:70px;
            background-color:red;
            text-align:center;
            font-size:50px;
        }
        .menu{
            background-color: grey;
            width:150px;
            position:absolute;
            top: 70px;
            left:0;
            bottom:0;
        }
        .a{
            display:block;
            padding:5px 0;
        }
        .right_page{
            background-color:#dedeec;
            position:absolute;
            left:150px;
            top:70px;
            bottom:0;
            right:0;
            overflow:auto;
            padding-left:20px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body style="margin:0">
    <div class="pg-header">这是测试表头</div>
    <div class="menu">
        <a class='a' href="/app1/user_info">用户信息</a>
        <a class='a' href="/app1/user_group">用户组信息</a>
    </div>
    <div class="right_page">
        <div style="margin-top:30px">
            <form method="POST" action="/app1/useredit-{{ userInfo.id }}/">
                <input type="text" value="{{ userInfo.name }}" name="name"/>
                <input type="text" value="{{ userInfo.pwd }}" name="pwd"/>
                <input type="text" value="{{ userInfo.email }}" name="email"/>
                <input type="text" value="{{ userInfo.ip4 }}" name="ip4"/>
                <input type="text" value="{{ userInfo.user_type_id }}" name="user_type_id"/>
                <input type="text" value="{{ userInfo.user_group_id }}" name="user_group_id"/>
                <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

点击编辑后显示

xiaoa~

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django学习笔记---使用orm实现用户的增删改查

Django练习的基本框架主程序url.pyfrom django.conf.urls import url,includefrom django.contrib import adminurlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'app1/',include("app01.urls")), # 路由分级...
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