使用Hibernate实现增、删、改、查

工具：

         eclipse、SQLServer2008

步骤：

一、hibernate文档配置

二、创建实体类

三、hibernate实体类映射文件

四、测试类

五、其他

一、hibernate文档配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
    	<!-- 数据库驱动 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver</property>
    	<!-- 数据库地址 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433;DatabaseName=数据库名</property>
    	<!-- 数据库用户名 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.username">用户名</property>
    	<!-- 数据库密码 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.password">密码</property>
    	<!-- 数据库方言 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</property>
    	<!-- 控制台显示sql语句 -->
    	<property name="show_sql">true</property>
    	<!-- sql语句格式化 -->
    	<property name="format_sql">true</property>
    	<!-- 数据库方言 -->
    	<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
    	
    	<!-- 关系映射表 -->
    	<mapping resource="Students.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

二、创建实体类

import java.sql.Blob;
import java.util.Date;

//学生类
public class Students {

	private int sid;// 学号
	private String Sname;// 姓名
	private String gender;// 性别
	private Date birthday;// 出生日期
	private String address;// 地址
	private Blob picture;//照片

	public Blob getPicture() {
		return picture;
	}

	public void setPicture(Blob picture) {
		this.picture = picture;
	}

	public Students() {

	}

	public int getSid() {
		return sid;
	}

	public void setSid(int sid) {
		this.sid = sid;
	}

	public String getSname() {
		return Sname;
	}

	public void setSname(String sname) {
		Sname = sname;
	}

	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Students [sid=" + sid + ", Sname=" + Sname + ", gender=" + gender + ", birthday=" + birthday
				+ ", address=" + address + "]";
	}

	public Students(int sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday, String address) {
		//super();
		this.sid = sid;
		Sname = sname;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.birthday = birthday;
		this.address = address;
	}

}

三、hibernate实体类映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2016-11-6 22:16:02 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="Students" table="STUDENTS">
        <id name="sid" type="int">
            <column name="SID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="Sname" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="SNAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="gender" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="GENDER" />
        </property>
        <property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date">
            <column name="BIRTHDAY" />
        </property>
        <property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ADDRESS" />
        </property>
        <property name="picture" type="java.sql.Blob">
            <column name="PICTURE" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

四、测试类

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.sql.Blob;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

//学生测试类
public class StudentsTest {
	private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	private Session session;
	private Transaction transaction;
	@Before
	public void init(){
		//创建配置对象
		Configuration config=new Configuration().configure();
		//获得服务注册对象
		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry=new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
		//创建会话工厂
		sessionFactory =config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
		//打开会话
		session =sessionFactory.openSession();
		//开始事务
		transaction=session.beginTransaction();
	}
	//增加学生记录
	@Test
	public void testSaveStudent()throws Exception{
		Students student=new Students(1,"张三","男",new Date(),"武当山");
		//获取图片
		File f=new File("照片地址");
		//获取输入流
		InputStream input=new FileInputStream(f);
		//获取Blob对象
		Blob b=Hibernate.getLobCreator(session).createBlob(input, input.available());//第二个参数为长度（输入流可获取长度）
		student.setPicture(b);
		session.save(student);
	}
	//通过load方式查询一条学生记录
	@Test
	public void testLoadStudents(){
		Students student=(Students) session.load(Students.class, 1);
		System.out.println(student.toString());
	}
	//通过get方式查询一条学生记录
	@Test
	public void testGetStudents(){
		Students student=(Students) session.get(Students.class, 1);
		System.out.println(student.toString());
	}
	//修改学生记录
	@Test
	public void testUpdateStudents(){
		Students student=(Students) session.load(Students.class, 1);//1为记录的主键
		student.setGender("女");
		session.update(student);
	}
	//删除学生记录
	@Test
	public void testDeleteStudents(){
		Students student=(Students) session.load(Students.class, 1);//1为记录的主键
		session.delete(student);
	}
	
	@After
	public void destroy(){
		//提交事务
		transaction.commit();
		//关闭会话
		session.close();
		//关闭会话工厂
		sessionFactory.close();
	}	
}

五、其他

load与get查询方式的区别

1.

get：在不考虑缓存的情况下，get方式会在调用之后立即向数据库发出sql语句，返回持久化对象；

load：load方法会在调用后返回一个代理对象。该代理对象只保存了实体化对象的ID，直到使用对象的非主键属性时，才会发出sql语句

2.

get：查询不存在数据时，返回null；

load：抛出异常，org.hibernate.ObjectNotFoundException