CXF介绍、安装和配置
1.1CXF介绍
CXF是一个开源的webservice框架,提供很多完善功能,可以实现快速开发
CXF支持的协议:SOAP1.1/1.2,REST
CXF支持数据格式:XML,JSON(仅在REST方式下支持)
1.2安装和配置
下载地址:http://cxf.apache.org/download.html
包结构介绍:
安装和配置:
第一步:安装JDK,建议1.7
第二步:解压apache-cxf-3.1.14.zip到指定目录,配置环境变量,创建CXF_HOME
第三步:把CXF_HOME加入到Path路径下
第四步:测试,在cmd下加入wsdl2java –h
CXF发布SOAP协议的服务
服务端:
1.导入Jar包
2.创建SEI接口,要加入@WebService
@WebService
public interface WeatherInterface {
String queryWeather(String cityName);
}
3.创建SEI实现类
public class WeatherInterfaceImpl implements WeatherInterface{
@Override
public String queryWeather(String cityName) {
System.out.println("from client..." + cityName);
if("上海".equals(cityName)){
return "冷";
}else {
return "热";
}
}
}
4.发布服务, JaxWsServerFactoryBean发布,设置3个参数,1.服务接口;2.服务实现类;3.服务地址;endpoint仅支持发布实现类,JaxWsServerFactoryBean支持发布接口。
public class WeatherServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//JaxWsServerFactoryBean发布服务
JaxWsServerFactoryBean jaxWsServerFactoryBean = new JaxWsServerFactoryBean();
//设置服务接口
jaxWsServerFactoryBean.setServiceClass(WeatherInterface.class);
//设置服务实现类
jaxWsServerFactoryBean.setServiceBean(new WeatherInterfaceImpl());
//设置服务地址
jaxWsServerFactoryBean.setAddress("http://127.0.0.1:12345/weather");
//设置拦截器必须加到服务端,在服务端发布之前,获取拦截器列表,将自己的拦截器加入列表中
jaxWsServerFactoryBean.getInInterceptors().add(new LoggingInInterceptor());
jaxWsServerFactoryBean.getOutFaultInterceptors().add(new LoggingOutInterceptor());
//发布
jaxWsServerFactoryBean.create();
}
}
5.测试服务是否发布成功,阅读使用说明书,确定关键点。如果在CXF发布的服务下,直接访问服务地址,会如下异常:No binding operation info while invoking unknown method with params unknown.
此时直接访问使用说明书地址即可
客户端:
1.生成客户端代码,命令为
wsimport -p cn.ws.cxf -s . http://127.0.0.1:12345/weather?wsdl
Wsdl2java命令是CXF提供的生成客户端的工具,他和wsimport类似,可以根据WSDL生成客户端代码
Wsdl2java常用参数:
-d,指定输出目录
-p,指定包名,如果不指定该参数,默认包名是WSDL的命名空间的倒序
Wsdl2java支持SOAP1.1和SOAP1.2
2.使用说明书,使用生成代码调用服务端,JaxWsProxyFactoryBean调用服务端,设置2个参数,1.设置服务接口;2.设置服务地址。
public class WeatherClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//JaxWsPorxyFactoryBean调用服务器
JaxWsProxyFactoryBean jaxWsPorxyFactoryBean = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
//设置服务接口
jaxWsPorxyFactoryBean.setServiceClass(WeatherInterface.class);
//设置服务地址
jaxWsPorxyFactoryBean.setAddress("http://127.0.0.1:12345/weather");
//获取服务接口实例
WeatherInterface weatherInterface = jaxWsPorxyFactoryBean.create(WeatherInterface.class);
//调用查询方法
String queryWeather = weatherInterface.queryWeather("上海");
System.out.println(queryWeather);
}
}
3.CXF+Spring整合发布SOAP的服务
1.创建web项目(引入jar包)
2.创建SEI接口
3.创建SEI实现类
4.配置spring配置文件,applicationContext.xml,用<jaxws:server标签发布服务,设置1.服务地址;2.设置服务接口;3设置服务实现类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd">
<!-- <jaxws:server>发布SOAP协议的服务,对JaxWsServerFactoryBean类封装,设置1.服务地址;2.设置服务接口;3设置服务实现类 -->
<jaxws:server address="/weather" serviceClass="cn.ws.cxf.server.WeatherInterface">
<jaxws:serviceBean>
<ref bean="weatherInterface"/>
</jaxws:serviceBean>
<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<jaxws:inInterceptors>
<ref bean="inIntercepter"/>
</jaxws:inInterceptors>
<jaxws:outInterceptors>
<ref bean="outIntercepter"/>
</jaxws:outInterceptors>
</jaxws:server>
<!-- 配置服务实现类 -->
<bean name="weatherInterface" class="cn.ws.cxf.server.WeatherInterfaceImpl"/>
<!-- 配置拦截器的bean -->
<bean name="inIntercepter" class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingInInterceptor"></bean>
<bean name="outIntercepter" class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor"></bean>
</beans>
5.配置web.xml,配置spring配置文件地址和加载的listener,配置CXF的servlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- 配置spring配置文件地址和加载的listener,配置CXF的servlet -->
<!-- 设置spring的环境 -->
<context-param>
<!-- contextConfigLocation是不能修改的 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置CXF的Servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
6.部署到tomcat下,启动tomcat
7.测试服务,阅读使用说明书
WSDL地址规则:http://ip:端口号/项目名称/servlet拦截路径/服务名称?wsdl
客户端:
1.引入jar包
2.生成客户端代码
3.配置spring配置文件,applicationContent.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd">
<!-- <jaxws:client>实现客户端,对JaxWsProxyFactoryBean类封装 -->
<jaxws:client id="weatherClient" address="http://127.0.0.1:8080/ws_2_cxf_spring_server/ws/weather"
serviceClass="cn.ws.cxf.WeatherInterface"/>
</beans>
4.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- 配置spring配置文件地址和加载的listener,配置CXF的servlet -->
<!-- 设置spring的环境 -->
<context-param>
<!-- contextConfigLocation是不能修改的 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置CXF的Servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5.从spring上下文件获取服务实现类,调用查询方法,打印
public class WeatherClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//初始化spring的上下文
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:config/applicationContext.xml");
WeatherInterface weatherInterface = (WeatherInterface) context.getBean("weatherClient");
String weather = weatherInterface.queryWeather("上海");
System.out.println(weather);
}
}
4.CXF发布REST服务
1.什么是REST
定义:REST就是一种编程风格,它可以精确定位网上资源(服务接口、方法、参数)
REST支持数据格式:XML、JSON
REST支持发送方式:GET,POST
服务端:
1.导入jar包
2.创建学生pojo类,要加入@ XmlRootElement
@XmlRootElement(name="student")//@XmlRootElement可以实现对象和XML数据之间的转换
public class Student {
private long id;
private String name;
private Date birthday;
//生产getXXX()和setXXX()...
}
3.创建SEI接口
@WebService
@Path("/student")//@Path("/student")就是将请求路径中的"/student"映射到接口上
public interface StudentInterface {
//查询单个学生
@GET//指定请求方式,如果服务端发布的时候指定的是GET(POST),那么客户端访问时必须使用GET(POST)
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)//指定服务数据类型
@Path("/query/{id}")//@Path("/query/{id}")就是将"/query"映射到方法上,"{id}"映射到参数上,多个参数,以"/"隔开,放到"{}"中
Student query(@PathParam("id")long id);
//查询多个学生
@GET//指定请求方式,如果服务端发布的时候指定的是GET(POST),那么客户端访问时必须使用GET(POST)
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)//指定服务数据类型
@Path("/queryList/{name}")//@Path("/queryList/{name}")就是将"/queryList"映射到方法上,"{name}"映射到参数上,多个参数,以"/"隔开,放到"{}"中
List<Student> queryList(@PathParam("name")String name);
}
4.创建SEI实现类
public class StudentInterfaceImpl implements StudentInterface {
@Override
public Student query(long id) {
Student st = new Student();
st.setId(001);
st.setName("张三");
st.setBirthday(new Date());
return st;
}
@Override
public List<Student> queryList(String name) {
Student st = new Student();
st.setId(001);
st.setName("张三");
st.setBirthday(new Date());
Student st2 = new Student();
st2.setId(120);
st2.setName("李四");
st2.setBirthday(new Date());
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
list.add(st);
list.add(st2);
return list;
}
}
5.发布服务, JAXRSServerFactoryBean发布服务,3个参数,1:服务实现类;2.设置资源类;3.设置服务地址
public class StudentServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//JAXRSServerFactory发布REST的服务
JAXRSServerFactoryBean jaxrsServerFactoryBean = new JAXRSServerFactoryBean();
//设置服务实现类
jaxrsServerFactoryBean.setServiceBean(new StudentInterfaceImpl());
//设置资源类,如果有多个资源类,可以以","隔开
jaxrsServerFactoryBean.setResourceClasses(StudentInterfaceImpl.class);
//设置服务地址
jaxrsServerFactoryBean.setAddress("http://127.0.0.1:12345/user");
//发布服务
jaxrsServerFactoryBean.create();
}
}
6.测试服务
http://127.0.0.1:12345/user/student/query/001 查询单个学生,返回XML数据
http://127.0.0.1:12345/user/student/queryList/001查询多个学生,返回JSON
**注意:1)如果服务端发布时指定请求方式是GET(POST),客户端必须使用GET(POST)访问服务端,否则会报如下异常WARNING: javax.ws.rs.ClientErrorException: HTTP 405 Method Not Allowed
2)如果在同一方法上同时指定XML和JSON媒体类型,在GET请求下,默认返回XML,在POST请求下,默认返回JSON
客户端:
public class HttpClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//第一步:创建服务地址,不是WSDL地址
URL url = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:12345/user/student/queryList/001");
//第二步:打开一个通向服务地址的连接
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//第三步:设置参数
//3.1发送方式设置:POST\GET必须大写
connection.setRequestMethod("SET");
//3.2设置数据格式:content-type
//3.3设置输入输出,因为默认新创建的connection没有读写权限,
connection.setDoInput(true);
//第五步:接收服务端响应,打印
int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
if(200 == responseCode){//表示服务端响应成功
InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String temp = null;
while(null != (temp = br.readLine())){
sb.append(temp);
}
System.out.println(sb.toString());
is.close();
isr.close();
br.close();
}
}
}
5.CXF+Spring整合发布REST服务
1.创建web项目(引入jar包)
2.创建POJO类
3.创建SEI接口
4.创建SEI实现类
5.配置Spring配置文件,applicationContext.xml,<jaxrs:server,设置1.服务地址;2.服务实现类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd">
<!-- <jaxrs:server>发布REST的服务 ,对JAXRSServerFactoryBean类封装,设置1.服务地址 2.服务实现类-->
<jaxrs:server address="/user">
<jaxrs:serviceBeans>
<ref bean="studentInterface"/>
</jaxrs:serviceBeans>
</jaxrs:server>
<!-- 配置服务实现类 -->
<bean name="studentInterface" class="cn.ws.rest.server.StudentInterfaceImpl"/>
</beans>
6.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- 配置spring配置文件地址和加载的listener,配置CXF的servlet -->
<!-- 设置spring的环境 -->
<context-param>
<!-- contextConfigLocation是不能修改的 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置CXF的Servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CXF</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/ws/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
7.部署到tomcat下,启动tomcat
8.测试服务
REST服务的使用说明书地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/ws_4_cxf_rest_spring_server/ws/user?_wadl
客户端:
创建xxx.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function queryStudent(){
//创建XMLHttpRequest对象
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
//打开连接
xhr.open("get","http://127.0.0.1:8080/ws_4_cxf_rest_spring_server/ws/user/student/queryList/001?_type=json",true);
//设置回调函数
xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
//判断是否发送成功和判断服务端是否响应成功
if(4 == xhr.readyState && 200 == xhr.status){
alert(eval("("+xhr.responseText+")").student[0].name);
}
}
//发送数据
xhr.send(null);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="查询" onclick="javascript:queryStudent();"/>
</body>
</html>