js实现继承的方式以及各个方式的优缺点

1、借助构造函数实现继承，缺点是不能继承Parent1的原型对象

/**
 * 借助构造函数实现继承
 */
function Parent1(){
  this.name = "parent1";
}
function Child1(){
  Parent1.call(this);
  this.type = "child1";
}

2、借助原型链实现继承，缺点是Parent2的原型对象是共用的

/**
 * 借助原型链实现继承
 */
function Parent2(){
  this.name = "parent2";
  this.play = [1,2,3,4];
}
function Child2(){
  this.type = "child2";
}
Child2.prototype = new Parent2();
var s1= new Child2();
var s2= new Child2();
s1.play.push(4);
console.log(s1,s2);

3、组合方式实现继承，缺点是Parent3执行两次

/**
 * 组合方式
 */
function Parent3(){
  this.name = "parent3";
  this.play = [1,2,3,4];
}
function Child3(){
  Parent3.call(this);
  this.type = "child3";
}
Child3.prototype = new Parent3();
var s3= new Child3();
var s4= new Child3();
s1.play.push(4);
console.log(s3,s4);

4、组合方式实现继承优化一，缺点是无法区分实例是由父类创造还是子类创造

/**
 * 组合方式优化一
 */
function Parent4(){
  this.name = "parent3";
  this.play = [1,2,3,4];
}
function Child4(){
  Parent4.call(this);
  this.type = "child3";
}
Child4.prototype = Parent4.prototype;
var s5= new Child4();
var s6= new Child4();
s5.play.push(4);
console.log(s5.construtor);//Parent4

5、组合方式实现继承优化二（最优写法）

/**
 * 组合方式优化二
 */
function Parent5(){
  this.name = "parent3";
  this.play = [1,2,3,4];
}
function Child5(){
  Parent5.call(this);
  this.type = "child3";
}
Child5.prototype = Object.create(Parent5.prototype);
Child5.prototype.construstor = Child5;
var s7= new Child4();
var s8= new Child4();
s5.play.push(4);
console.log(s7.construtor);//Child5