import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
public class MapOperate{
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();//定义一个key和value都为String类型的HashMap
Hashtable<String, String> table = new Hashtable<String, String>();//定义一个key和value都为String类型的Hashtable
map.put("1", "value1");
map.put("2", "value2");
map.put("3", "value3");
//第一种:普遍使用,二次取值
System.out.println("通过Map.keySet遍历key和value:");
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
System.out.println("key= "+ key + " and value= " + map.get(key));
}
//第二种
System.out.println("通过Map.entrySet使用iterator遍历key和value:");
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, String> entry = it.next();
System.out.println("key= " + entry.getKey() + " and value= " + entry.getValue());
}
//第三种:推荐,尤其是容量大时
System.out.println("通过Map.entrySet遍历key和value");
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
System.out.println("key= " + entry.getKey() + " and value= " + entry.getValue());
}
//第四种
System.out.println("通过Map.values()遍历所有的value,但不能遍历key");
for (String v : map.values()) {
System.out.println("value= " + v);
}
}
HashMap是线程不安全的,key和value允许为null
public V get(Object key){
…
}
public V put(K key, V value){
…
}
HashTable是线程安全的(synchronized),key和value不能为null,方法是同步锁的
public synchronized V get(Object key){
…
}
public synchronized V put(K key, V value){
…
}
public synchronized V remove(Object key){
…
}