碰到一个题结果发现一脸懵逼,题目是说在序列化一个Circle的对象circle到文件时,哪个字段会被写入文件中。Shape和Circle类定义如下:
class Shape {
public String name;
}
class Circle extends Shape implements Serializable{
private float radius;
transient int color;
public static String type = "Circle";
}
java类实现了Serializable接口,则可以把其对象状态序列化后写入硬盘中,需要时在进行反序列化读出使用。
当属性被static修饰时,该属性为类变量,不再参与对象序列化。本题中,Circle类属性type被static修饰,故属性type不会参与对象序列化。
对于继承情况时,若父类实现接口,所有派生类的属性都会被序列化;而若子类实现接口的话,父类的属性值丢失。本题中,实现此接口的类为子类Circle,故在序列化Circle对象时,Shape的属性name值将丢失。
当然,一些特定的对象字段需要不存储于Serializable,如一些敏感信息。这时就需要transient关键字来解决,对于其字段的生命周期,也仅存于调用者的内存中而不会写到磁盘里持久化。在此题中,被修饰为transient的字段为color,故写入文件时,字段color值将丢失。
实际测试:
import java.io.*;
class Shape {
public String name;
public Shape(String name) {
this.name=name;
}
public Shape() {
super();
}
}
class Circle extends Shape implements Serializable {
private float radius;
transient int color;
public static String type = "Circle";
public Circle(String name,float radius, int color) {
super(name);
this.color = color;
this.radius = radius;
}
public Circle() {
super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Circle [radius=" + radius + ", color=" + color + ", name=" + name + ", type=" + type + "]";
}
}
public class Test29 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Circle circle = new Circle("test",3.14f, 2);
writeAObject(circle);
//写入文件后修改static修饰变量type的值
Circle.type = "Changed";
ReadAObject();
}
public static void writeAObject(Circle circle) {
try {
ObjectOutputStream os = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("test.txt"));
os.writeObject(circle);
os.flush();
os.close();
System.out.println(" writer context: ");
System.out.println(circle);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void ReadAObject() {
try {
ObjectInputStream is = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("test.txt"));
Circle circle = (Circle) is.readObject();
is.close();
System.out.println("\n reader context: ");
System.out.println(circle);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
结果如下:
writer context:
Circle [radius=3.14, color=2, name=test, type=Circle]
reader context:
Circle [radius=3.14, color=0, name=null, type=Changed]
对比发现,只有radius成功写入文件。