JDK本身提供了很多方便的JVM性能调优监控工具，除了集成式的VisualVM和jConsole外， 还有jps、jstack、jmap、jhat、jstat、hprof等小巧的工具，每一种工具都有其自身的特点， 用户可以根据你需要检测的应用或者程序片段的状况，适当的选择相应的工具进行检测， 先通过一个表格形式简要介绍下这几个命令的作用和使用方法。本文重点介绍jstack的使用方法。
| 命令 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| jps | 基础工具 |
| jstack | 查看某个Java进程内的线程堆栈信息 |
| jmap | jmap导出堆内存，然后使用jhat来进行分析 |
| jhat | jmap导出堆内存，然后使用jhat来进行分析 |
| jstat | JVM统计监测工具 |
| hprof | hprof能够展现CPU使用率，统计堆内存使用情况 |
jps使用
可以列出本机所有java进程的pid
选项
- -q 仅输出VM标识符，不包括class name,jar name,arguments in main method
- -m 输出main method的参数
- -l 输出完全的包名，应用主类名，jar的完全路径名
- -v 输出jvm参数
- -V 输出通过flag文件传递到JVM中的参数(.hotspotrc文件或-XX:Flags=所指定的文件
- -Joption 传递参数到vm,例如:-J-Xms48m
示例：
[root@CZT-FS1 board-api]# jps -lvm
67136 board-api-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=application.yml -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m
100547 board-web-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=application.yml -Xms512m
8819 app-manage-api-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=application.yml -Xms512m
120226 adm-web-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=file:./application.yml -Xms512m
105268 wechat-api-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=application.yml -Xms512m
89172 sun.tools.jps.Jps -lvm -Denv.class.path=.:/usr/local/jdk/lib/dt.jar:/usr/local/jdk/lib/tools.jar:/usr/local/jdk/jre/lib -Dapplication.home=/usr/local/jdk -Xms8m
44921 app-manage-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=file:./application.yml -Xms512m -Xmx1024m
我们选取PID=67136的Java进程作为后续研究对象。
top使用
除了常用的打印所有进程使用资源外，还可以对单独的进程，打印线程资源排行榜，按T键可对TIME倒序排列， 也就是CPU运行时间。TIME列就是各个Java线程耗费的CPU时间，我们线程pid为67163的线程作为后续线程研究对象
[root@CZT-FS1 board-api]# top -Hp 67136
top - 11:22:26 up 166 days, 17:06, 1 user, load average: 0.07, 0.02, 0.00
Tasks: 140 total, 0 running, 140 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.1%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.9%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 16309360k total, 16120904k used, 188456k free, 174440k buffers
Swap: 8175612k total, 461868k used, 7713744k free, 7831512k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
67163 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 2.0 5.4 16:22.87 java
67136 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.00 java
67137 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:10.82 java
67138 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.32 java
67139 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.32 java
67140 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.31 java
67141 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.35 java
67142 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.35 java
67143 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.36 java
67144 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.33 java
67145 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.31 java
67146 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:08.29 java
67147 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.02 java
67148 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.35 java
67149 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:00.00 java
67150 root 20 0 6825m 867m 14m S 0.0 5.4 0:25.08 java
jstack使用
jstack主要用来查看某个Java进程内的线程堆栈信息。语法格式如下：
jstack [option] pid
参数如下：
- -l long listings，会打印出额外的锁信息，在发生死锁时可以用jstack -l pid来观察锁持有情况
- -m mixed mode，不仅会输出Java堆栈信息，还会输出C/C++堆栈信息（比如Native方法）
[root@CZT-FS1 board-api]# jstack -l 67136 | more
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.161-b12 mixed mode):
"Thread-12126" #12389 daemon prio=6 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f3190075800 nid=0x15d08 runnable [0x00007f31f43c4000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:171)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:141)
at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read1(BufferedInputStream.java:284)
at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read(BufferedInputStream.java:345)
- locked <0x00000000f49e3158> (a java.io.BufferedInputStream)
at java.io.BufferedInputStream.fill(BufferedInputStream.java:246)
at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read(BufferedInputStream.java:265)
- locked <0x00000000f49e51a8> (a org.apache.commons.net.telnet.TelnetInputStream)
at org.apache.commons.net.telnet.TelnetInputStream.__read(TelnetInputStream.java:132)
at org.apache.commons.net.telnet.TelnetInputStream.run(TelnetInputStream.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Locked ownable synchronizers:
- None
"Thread-12125" #12388 daemon prio=6 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f31c4602000 nid=0x15cf2 runnable [0x00007f31f4bcc000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:171)
使用printf "%x\n"，获得线程ID=的十六进制值。
[root@CZT-FS1 board-api]# printf "%x\n" 67163
1065b
查看该线程的堆栈：
[root@CZT-FS1 board-api]# jstack -l 67136 | grep 1065b -A20
"System Clock" #17 daemon prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f322d089000 nid=0x1065b runnable [0x00007f320487c000]
java.lang.Thread.State: TIMED_WAITING (parking)
at sun.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
- parking to wait for <0x00000000c19c8d18> (a java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$ConditionObject)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.parkNanos(LockSupport.java:215)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer$ConditionObject.awaitNanos(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:2078)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$DelayedWorkQueue.take(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:1093)
at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$DelayedWorkQueue.take(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:809)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.getTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1074)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1134)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Locked ownable synchronizers:
- None
"Druid-ConnectionPool-Destroy-1390913202" #16 daemon prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x00007f322ea27800 nid=0x1065a waiting on condition [0x00007f320497d000]
java.lang.Thread.State: TIMED_WAITING (sleeping)
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource$DestroyConnectionThread.run(DruidDataSource.java:2538)
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