Linux虚拟机获取不到ip地址的解决办法

情况1.

 

 

通常正常情况下安装完linux虚拟机，只需要使用桥接并修改配置文件 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 (或者 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33)，将如下参数值改为如下：

　　ONBOOT=yes

　　NM_CONTROLLED=yes

       BOOTPROTO=dhcp

　　然后重启网络服务即可：service network restart

　　家里的笔记本用这种方式确实可行，可是带到公司后发现就获取不到IP了，而且也重启不了网卡，原来是因为路由器的dhcp功能有问题，如果路由器不调整，此种方式肯定是行不通了。只能将BOOTPROTO设为static，然后手动设置IP了。

　　手动设置IP方法：

　　修改文件/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0(或者 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33)，内容如下：

       TYPE="Ethernet"
       PROXY_METHOD="none"
       BROWSER_ONLY="no"
       BOOTPROTO="static"
       DEFROUTE="yes"
       IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="yes"
       IPV6INIT="yes"
       IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
       IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
       IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
       IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
       NAME="ens33"
       UUID="46ad222d-6207-4cff-ae91-936591955b4e"
       DEVICE="ens33"
       ONBOOT="yes"
       IPADDR="192.168.12.168"
       PREFIX="24"
       GATEWAY="192.168.12.2"
       DNS1="192.168.12.2"
       IPV6_PRIVACY="no"
       HWADDR:"00:0c:29:59:b4:c9"

 

往ifcfg-eth0（或者 ifcfg-ens33） 里添加的网卡接口MAC地址 ，一定的要与ip addr里的相同

　　后三行分别为设置的IP，网关和子网掩码。保存后重启网络服务，service network restart。此时发现IP能够获取了，ifconfig结果如下图所示：

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

情况2.

 

CentOS7重启网络服务报错： Job for network.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status network.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details

刚上架一台服务器，配置好网络，重启网络服务器报错。

[root@localhost network-scripts]#  service network restart

Restarting network (via systemctl):  Job for network.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status network.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.   [失败]

[root@localhost network-scripts]#  systemctl status network.service

● network.service - LSB: Bring up/down networking

   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/network; bad; vendor preset: disabled)

   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 三 2017-07-05 08:09:37 CST; 1min 15s ago

     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

  Process: 7132 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/network stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

  Process: 8159 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/network start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain network[8159]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain network[8159]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain network[8159]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain network[8159]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain network[8159]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain network[8159]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: network.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down networking.

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed state.

7月 05 08:09:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: network.service failed.

 

[root@localhost network-scripts]#  cat /var/log/messages | grep network

Jul  5 08:09:35 localhost systemd: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...

Jul  5 08:09:35 localhost network: 正在打开环回接口： [  确定  ]

Jul  5 08:09:35 localhost network: 正在打开接口 enp1s0f0： RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: [  确定  ]

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: 正在打开接口 有线连接_1： 错误：激活连接失败：No suitable device found for this connection.

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: [失败]

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost network: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost systemd: network.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost systemd: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down networking.

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost systemd: Unit network.service entered failed state.

Jul  5 08:09:37 localhost systemd: network.service failed.

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

为什么是打开 有线连接_1 接口而不是 enp1s0f0 ,不管怎样我们配置的是enp1s0f0，所以我们希望他打开enp1s0f0，所以我尝试将有线连接_1 配置注释。

[root@localhost network-scripts]/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

[root@localhost network-scripts]/mv ifcfg-有线连接_1  backup-ifcfg-有线连接_1

再次重启网络服务就成功了。

[root@localhost network-scripts]# service network restart

Restarting network (via systemctl):                        [  确定  ]

 

还有一些其他的情况，比如虚拟机里边的CentOS7重启之后无法联网了，重启network发现报错。

百度了一圈，都是叫修改mac地址的说法，但是改了之后并没有什么用，最后谷歌解决了。

解决方式：禁用NetworkManager

1. systemctl stop NetworkManager   临时关闭网络管理命令

2. systemctl disable NetworkManager   永久关闭网络管理命令，生产环境常禁用状态

然后service network restart 重启网络服务，能正常联网了！