mysql数据库操作

sql语句使用

sql语句的分类

1、操作数据库 --- DDL

1.1创建：CREATE DATABASE 语句用于创建新的数据库：

mysql> create Database mydb1；
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> create Database mydb2 character SET GBK;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> create Database mydb3 character set GBK collate gbk_chinese_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

1.2、查看

查看当前数据库服务器中的所有数据库

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mydb2              |
| mydb3              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

查看前面创建的mydb2数据的定义信息

mysql> show Create database mydb2;
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database                                               |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| mydb2    | CREATE DATABASE `mydb2` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

1.3、修改

查看服务器中的数据库，并把mydb2的字符集改为utf8

mysql> alter database mydb2 character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)
mysql> show create database mydb2;
+----------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database                                                |
+----------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| mydb2    | CREATE DATABASE `mydb2` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)

1.4、删除

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mydb2              |
| mydb3              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.04 sec)

mysql>  drop database mydb3;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mydb2              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.04 sec)

1.5、

查看当前使用的数据库

mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql      |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

切换数据库

mysql> use mydb2;
Database changed
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mydb2      |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

2、操作表 --- DDM

2.1、CREATE TABLE语句创建新表。

   语法：

          CREATE TABLE 表名（

          字段1  字段类型（长度） 约束，

          字段2  字段类型（长度） 约束，

          ...

           字段n  字段类型（长度） 约束，

            ）;  

mysql> create table Employees(
    -> id int not null,
    -> age int not null,
    -> first varchar(255),
    -> last varchar(255),
    -> primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

2.2 、查看表

 查看数据库中所有表

mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_mydb2 |
+-----------------+
|