命令模式

一. 定义

         命令模式将请求封装成对象，这可以让你使用不同的请求、队列或者日志请求来参数化其它对象。命令模式也可以支持撤销操作。

二. 模式起源

三. 设计原则

四. UML图

五. 代码

5.1 Receiver类： 灯

package model.command;

public class Light {

    public void on() {
        System.out.println("light on...");
    }

    public void off() {
        System.out.println("light off...");
    }

}

5.2 Receiver类： 门

package model.command;

public class Door {

    public void open() {
        System.out.println("door open...");
    }

    public void close() {
        System.out.println("door close...");
    }
}

5.3 Receiver类： 收音机

package model.command;

public class Video {

    public void up() {
        System.out.println("video up...");
    }

    public void down() {
        System.out.println("video down...");
    }

}

5.4 命令接口

package model.command;

/**
 * 命令接口
 */
public interface Command {

    /**
     * 执行命令方法
     */
    public abstract void execute();

    /**
     * 撤销命令方法
     */
    public abstract void undo();

}

5.5 开灯命令类

package model.command;

/**
 * 关灯命令
 */
public class LightOffCommand implements Command {

    // 关灯命令类中维护了一个灯对象
    private Light light;
    public LightOffCommand(Light light) {
        this.light = light;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        this.light.off();
    }

    @Override
    public void undo() {
        this.light.on();
    }
}

5.6 关灯命令类

package model.command;

/**
 * 关灯命令
 */
public class LightOffCommand implements Command {

    // 关灯命令类中维护了一个灯对象
    private Light light;
    public LightOffCommand(Light light) {
        this.light = light;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        this.light.off();
    }

    @Override
    public void undo() {
        this.light.on();
    }
}

5.7 增音命令类

package model.command;

/**
 * 增音命令类
 */
public class VideoUpCommand implements Command {

    // 维护了一个收音机类
    private Video video;
    public VideoUpCommand(Video video) {
        this.video = video;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        this.video.up();
    }

    @Override
    public void undo() {
        this.video.down();
    }
}

5.8 降音命令类

package model.command;

/**
 * 降音命令类
 */
public class VideoDownCommand implements Command {

    // 内部维护了一个收音机类
    private Video video;
    public VideoDownCommand(Video video) {
        this.video = video;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        this.video.down();
    }

    @Override
    public void undo() {
        this.video.up();
    }
}

5.9 开门命令类

package model.command;

/**
 * 开门命令类
 */
public class DoorOpenCommand implements Command {

    // 开门命令类中维护了一个门对象
    private Door door;
    public DoorOpenCommand(Door door) {
        this.door = door;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        this.door.open();
    }

    @Override
    public void undo() {
        this.door.close();
    }
}

5.10 关门命令类

package model.command;

/**
 * 关门命令类
 */
public class DoorCloseCommand implements Command {

    // 关门命令类中维护了一个门对象
    private Door door;
    public DoorCloseCommand(Door door) {
        this.door = door;
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        this.door.close();
    }

    @Override
    public void undo() {
        this.door.open();
    }
}

5.11 Invoker类： 遥控器类

package model.command;

/**
 * 遥控器类
 */
public class RemoteController {

    // 当前命令
    private Command command;

    /**
     * 前一个命令  用来撤销命令时返回
     * 注： 使用对应来引用前一个命令， 只支持撤销前一次的  不支持撤销多次 撤销多次需要使用栈来存储命令
     */
    private Command preCommand;

    public RemoteController() {
    }

    /**
     * 设置命令
     *
     * @param command
     */
    public void setCommand(Command command) {
        this.command = command;
    }

    /**
     * 触发命令的入口方法
     */
    public void onButtonPressed() {
        this.command.execute();
        this.preCommand = command;
    }

    /**
     * 撤销命令的入口方法  调用前一个命令的undo方法即可
     */
    public void undoButtonPressed() {
        preCommand.undo();
    }


}

5.12 client类： 测试类

package model.command;

/**
 * 测试类
 */
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        RemoteController remoteController = new RemoteController();

        Light light = new Light();
        LightOnCommand lightOnCommand = new LightOnCommand(light);
        LightOffCommand lightOffCommand = new LightOffCommand(light);

        Door door = new Door();
        DoorOpenCommand doorOpenCommand = new DoorOpenCommand(door);
        DoorCloseCommand doorCloseCommand = new DoorCloseCommand(door);

        remoteController.setCommand(lightOnCommand);
        remoteController.onButtonPressed();

        remoteController.setCommand(lightOffCommand);
        remoteController.onButtonPressed();
        remoteController.undoButtonPressed();

        remoteController.setCommand(doorOpenCommand);
        remoteController.onButtonPressed();
        remoteController.undoButtonPressed();
    }

}

5.13 结果

light on...
light off...
light on...
door open...
door close...

六. 感悟