springboot快速搭建项目

1.Spring Boot简介

Spring Boot的目的在于创建和启动新的基于Spring框架的项目。Spring Boot会选择最适合Spring子项目和第三方开源库进行整合。大部分Spring Boot应用只需要非常少的配置就可以快速的运行起来。

Spring Boot是伴随着Spring4.0的诞生的。Spring Boot提供了一种快速使用Spring的方式。

2.Spring Boot的特点

1).为基于Spring的开发提供更快的入门体验。

2).创建可以独立运行的Spring应用。

3).直接嵌入Jetty或tomcat服务器，不需要打包成war文件。

4).提供推荐的基础pom文件(starter)来简化Apache Maven配置。

5).尽可能的根据项目依赖来自动配置Spring框架。

6).提供可以直接在生产环境中使用的功能，如性能指标，应用信息和应用健康检查。

7).开箱即用，没有代码生成，也无需xml配置。同时也可以修改默认值来满足特定的需求。

8).其他大量的项目都是基于Spring Boot之上的，如Spring Cloud

3.Spring Boot应用场景

1).Spring 能够应用的场景

2).java web应用

3).微服务

4.Spring Boot快速入门

1).设置Spring Boot的parent

<parent>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
     <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
 </parent>

注意：Spring Boot的项目必须要将parent设置为Spring Boot的parent，该parent包含了大量的默认配置，简化了我们的开发。

2).导入Spring Boot的web支持

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

3).添加Spring Boot的插件

<plugin>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
 </plugin>

4).编写第一个SpringBoot应用

package com.songyanping.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller //这是一个springmvc的Controller控制器
@SpringBootApplication //说明是一个spring boot应用,spring boot项目的核心注解,主要是启动自动配置
@Configuration //这是一个spring的配置类
public class MySpringBootController {

    @RequestMapping("hello")
    @ResponseBody
    public String hello(){
        return "hello world!";
    }

    //在main方法中启动一个应用,即应用的入口
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootController.class,args);
    }
}

5.应用启动

1).在main方法中运行

2).用springboot插件运行

6.Spring Boot的核心

入口类和@SpringBootApplication

Spring Boot的项目一般都会有*Application的入口类，入口类中会有main方法，这是一个标准的Java应用程序的入口方法。

1).@SpringBootApplication注解是Spring Boot的核心注解，它其实是一个组合注解：

该注解主要组合了以下注解：

@SpringBootConfiguration：这是Spring Boot项目的配置注解，这也是一个组合注解：

在Spring Boot项目中推荐使用@ SpringBootConfiguration替代@Configuration

2). @EnableAutoConfiguration：启用自动配置，该注解会使Spring Boot根据项目中依赖的jar包自动配置项目的配置项：

*** 如：我们添加了spring-boot-starter-web的依赖，项目中也就会引入SpringMVC的依赖，Spring Boot就会自动配置tomcat和SpringMVC

3).@ComponentScan：默认扫描@SpringBootApplication所在类的同级目录以及它的子目录。

7.关闭自动配置

通过上述，我们得知，Spring Boot会根据项目中的jar包依赖，自动做出配置，Spring Boot支持的自动配置如下（非常多）：

如果我们不需要Spring Boot自动配置，想关闭某一项的自动配置，该如何设置呢？

比如：我们不想自动配置Redis，想手动配置。

当然了，其他的配置就类似了。

8.自定义banner

启动Spring Boot项目后会看到这样的图案：

这个图片其实是可以自定义的：

a.打开网站：http://patorjk.com/software/taag/#p=display&h=3&v=3&f=4Max&t=itcast%20Spring%20Boot

b.拷贝生成的字符到一个文本文件中，并且将该文件命名为banner.txt

c.将banner.txt拷贝到项目的resources目录中：

d.重新启动程序，查看效果：

好像没有默认的好看啊！！！

e.如果不想看到任何的banner，也是可以将其关闭的：

9.全局配置文件

Spring Boot项目使用一个全局的配置文件application.properties或者是application.yml，在resources目录下或者类路径下的/config下，一般我们放到resources下。

a.修改tomcat的端口为8088

重新启动应用，查看效果：

b.修改进入DispatcherServlet的规则为：*.html

测试：

更多的配置：

# ===================================================================
# COMMON SPRING BOOT PROPERTIES
#
# This sample file is provided as a guideline. Do NOT copy it in its
# entirety to your own application.               ^^^
# ===================================================================


# ----------------------------------------
# CORE PROPERTIES
# ----------------------------------------

# BANNER
banner.charset=UTF-8 # Banner file encoding.
banner.location=classpath:banner.txt # Banner file location.
banner.image.location=classpath:banner.gif # Banner image file location (jpg/png can also be used).
banner.image.width= # Width of the banner image in chars (default 76)
banner.image.height= # Height of the banner image in chars (default based on image height)
banner.image.margin= # Left hand image margin in chars (default 2)
banner.image.invert= # If images should be inverted for dark terminal themes (default false)

# LOGGING
logging.config= # Location of the logging configuration file. For instance `classpath:logback.xml` for Logback
logging.exception-conversion-word=%wEx # Conversion word used when logging exceptions.
logging.file= # Log file name. For instance `myapp.log`
logging.level.*= # Log levels severity mapping. For instance `logging.level.org.springframework=DEBUG`
logging.path= # Location of the log file. For instance `/var/log`
logging.pattern.console= # Appender pattern for output to the console. Only supported with the default logback setup.
logging.pattern.file= # Appender pattern for output to the file. Only supported with the default logback setup.
logging.pattern.level= # Appender pattern for log level (default %5p). Only supported with the default logback setup.
logging.register-shutdown-hook=false # Register a shutdown hook for the logging system when it is initialized.

# AOP
spring.aop.auto=true # Add @EnableAspectJAutoProxy.
spring.aop.proxy-target-class=false # Whether subclass-based (CGLIB) proxies are to be created (true) as opposed to standard Java interface-based proxies (false).

# IDENTITY (ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer)
spring.application.index= # Application index.
spring.application.name= # Application name.

# ADMIN (SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration)
spring.application.admin.enabled=false # Enable admin features for the application.
spring.application.admin.jmx-name=org.springframework.boot:type=Admin,name=SpringApplication # JMX name of the application admin MBean.

# AUTO-CONFIGURATION
spring.autoconfigure.exclude= # Auto-configuration classes to exclude.

# SPRING CORE
spring.beaninfo.ignore=true # Skip search of BeanInfo classes.

# SPRING CACHE (CacheProperties)
spring.cache.cache-names= # Comma-separated list of cache names to create if supported by the underlying cache manager.
spring.cache.caffeine.spec= # The spec to use to create caches. Check CaffeineSpec for more details on the spec format.
spring.cache.couchbase.expiration=0 # Entry expiration in milliseconds. By default the entries never expire.
spring.cache.ehcache.config= # The location of the configuration file to use to initialize EhCache.
spring.cache.guava.spec= # The spec to use to create caches. Check CacheBuilderSpec for more details on the spec format.
spring.cache.infinispan.config= # The location of the configuration file to use to initialize Infinispan.
spring.cache.jcache.config= # The location of the configuration file to use to initialize the cache manager.
spring.cache.jcache.provider= # Fully qualified name of the CachingProvider implementation to use to retrieve the JSR-107 compliant cache manager. Only needed if more than one JSR-107 implementation is available on the classpath.
spring.cache.type= # Cache type, auto-detected according to the environment by default.

# SPRING CONFIG - using environment property only (ConfigFileApplicationListener)
spring.config.location= # Config file locations.
spring.config.name=application # Config file name.

# HAZELCAST (HazelcastProperties)
spring.hazelcast.config= # The location of the configuration file to use to initialize Hazelcast.

# PROJECT INFORMATION (ProjectInfoProperties)
spring.info.build.location=classpath:META-INF/build-info.properties # Location of the generated build-info.properties file.
spring.info.git.location=classpath:git.properties # Location of the generated git.properties file.

# JMX
spring.jmx.default-domain= # JMX domain name.
spring.jmx.enabled=true # Expose management beans to the JMX domain.
spring.jmx.server=mbeanServer # MBeanServer bean name.

# Email (MailProperties)
spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8 # Default MimeMessage encoding.
spring.mail.host= # SMTP server host. For instance `smtp.example.com`
spring.mail.jndi-name= # Session JNDI name. When set, takes precedence to others mail settings.
spring.mail.password= # Login password of the SMTP server.
spring.mail.port= # SMTP server port.
spring.mail.properties.*= # Additional JavaMail session properties.
spring.mail.protocol=smtp # Protocol used by the SMTP server.
spring.mail.test-connection=false # Test that the mail server is available on startup.
spring.mail.username= # Login user of the SMTP server.

# APPLICATION SETTINGS (SpringApplication)
spring.main.banner-mode=console # Mode used to display the banner when the application runs.
spring.main.sources= # Sources (class name, package name or XML resource location) to include in the ApplicationContext.
spring.main.web-environment= # Run the application in a web environment (auto-detected by default).

# FILE ENCODING (FileEncodingApplicationListener)
spring.mandatory-file-encoding= # Expected character encoding the application must use.

# INTERNATIONALIZATION (MessageSourceAutoConfiguration)
spring.messages.always-use-message-format=false # Set whether to always apply the MessageFormat rules, parsing even messages without arguments.
spring.messages.basename=messages # Comma-separated list of basenames, each following the ResourceBundle convention.
spring.messages.cache-seconds=-1 # Loaded resource bundle files cache expiration, in seconds. When set to -1, bundles are cached forever.
spring.messages.encoding=UTF-8 # Message bundles encoding.
spring.messages.fallback-to-system-locale=true # Set whether to fall back to the system Locale if no files for a specific Locale have been found.

# OUTPUT
spring.output.ansi.enabled=detect # Configure the ANSI output.

# PID FILE (ApplicationPidFileWriter)
spring.pid.fail-on-write-error= # Fail if ApplicationPidFileWriter is used but it cannot write the PID file.
spring.pid.file= # Location of the PID file to write (if ApplicationPidFileWriter is used).

# PROFILES
spring.profiles.active= # Comma-separated list (or list if using YAML) of active profiles.
spring.profiles.include= # Unconditionally activate the specified comma separated profiles (or list of profiles if using YAML).

# SENDGRID (SendGridAutoConfiguration)
spring.sendgrid.api-key= # SendGrid api key (alternative to username/password)
spring.sendgrid.username= # SendGrid account username
spring.sendgrid.password= # SendGrid account password
spring.sendgrid.proxy.host= # SendGrid proxy host
spring.sendgrid.proxy.port= # SendGrid proxy port


# ----------------------------------------
# WEB PROPERTIES
# ----------------------------------------

# EMBEDDED SERVER CONFIGURATION (ServerProperties)
server.address= # Network address to which the server should bind to.
server.compression.enabled=false # If response compression is enabled.
server.compression.excluded-user-agents= # List of user-agents to exclude from compression.
server.compression.mime-types= # Comma-separated list of MIME types that should be compressed. For instance `text/html,text/css,application/json`
server.compression.min-response-size= # Minimum response size that is required for compression to be performed. For instance 2048
server.connection-timeout= # Time in milliseconds that connectors will wait for another HTTP request before closing the connection. When not set, the connector's container-specific default will be used. Use a value of -1 to indicate no (i.e. infinite) timeout.
server.context-parameters.*= # Servlet context init parameters. For instance `server.context-parameters.a=alpha`
server.context-path= # Context path of the application.
server.display-name=application # Display name of the application.
server.max-http-header-size=0 # Maximum size in bytes of the HTTP message header.
server.error.include-stacktrace=never # When to include a "stacktrace" attribute.
server.error.path=/error # Path of the error controller.
server.error.whitelabel.enabled=true # Enable the default error page displayed in browsers in case of a server error.
server.jetty.acceptors= # Number of acceptor threads to use.
server.jetty.max-http-post-size=0 # Maximum size in bytes of the HTTP post or put content.
server.jetty.selectors= # Number of selector threads to use.
server.jsp-servlet.class-name=org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet # The class name of the JSP servlet.
server.jsp-servlet.init-parameters.*= # Init parameters used to configure the JSP servlet
server.jsp-servlet.registered=true # Whether or not the JSP servlet is registered
server.port=8080 # Server HTTP port.
server.server-header= # Value to use for the Server response header (no header is sent if empty)
server.servlet-path=/ # Path of the main dispatcher servlet.
server.use-forward-headers= # If X-Forwarded-* headers should be applied to the HttpRequest.
server.session.cookie.comment= # Comment for the session cookie.
server.session.cookie.domain= # Domain for the session cookie.
server.session.cookie.http-only= # "HttpOnly" flag for the session cookie.
server.session.cookie.max-age= # Maximum age of the session cookie in seconds.
server.session.cookie.name= # Session cookie name.
server.session.cookie.path= # Path of the session cookie.
server.session.cookie.secure= # "Secure" flag for the session cookie.
server.session.persistent=false # Persist session data between restarts.
server.session.store-dir= # Directory used to store session data.
server.session.timeout= # Session timeout in seconds.
server.session.tracking-modes= # Session tracking modes (one or more of the following: "cookie", "url", "ssl").
server.ssl.ciphers= # Supported SSL ciphers.
server.ssl.client-auth= # Whether client authentication is wanted ("want") or needed ("need"). Requires a trust store.
server.ssl.enabled= # Enable SSL support.
server.ssl.enabled-protocols= # Enabled SSL protocols.
server.ssl.key-alias= # Alias that identifies the key in the key store.
server.ssl.key-password= # Password used to access the key in the key store.
server.ssl.key-store= # Path to the key store that holds the SSL certificate (typically a jks file).
server.ssl.key-store-password= # Password used to access the key store.
server.ssl.key-store-provider= # Provider for the key store.
server.ssl.key-store-type= # Type of the key store.
server.ssl.protocol=TLS # SSL protocol to use.
server.ssl.trust-store= # Trust store that holds SSL certificates.
server.ssl.trust-store-password= # Password used to access the trust store.
server.ssl.trust-store-provider= # Provider for the trust store.
server.ssl.trust-store-type= # Type of the trust store.
server.tomcat.accept-count= # Maximum queue length for incoming connection requests when all possible request processing threads are in use.
server.tomcat.accesslog.buffered=true # Buffer output such that it is only flushed periodically.
server.tomcat.accesslog.directory=logs # Directory in which log files are created. Can be relative to the tomcat base dir or absolute.
server.tomcat.accesslog.enabled=false # Enable access log.
server.tomcat.accesslog.pattern=common # Format pattern for access logs.
server.tomcat.accesslog.prefix=access_log # Log file name prefix.
server.tomcat.accesslog.rename-on-rotate=false # Defer inclusion of the date stamp in the file name until rotate time.
server.tomcat.accesslog.request-attributes-enabled=false # Set request attributes for IP address, Hostname, protocol and port used for the request.
server.tomcat.accesslog.rotate=true # Enable access log rotation.
server.tomcat.accesslog.suffix=.log # Log file name suffix.
server.tomcat.additional-tld-skip-patterns= # Comma-separated list of additional patterns that match jars to ignore for TLD scanning.
server.tomcat.background-processor-delay=30 # Delay in seconds between the invocation of backgroundProcess methods.
server.tomcat.basedir= # Tomcat base directory. If not specified a temporary directory will be used.
server.tomcat.internal-proxies=10\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}|\\
        192\\.168\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}|\\
        169\\.254\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}|\\
        127\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}|\\
        172\\.1[6-9]{1}\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}|\\
        172\\.2[0-9]{1}\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}|\\
        172\\.3[0-1]{1}\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3} # regular expression matching trusted IP addresses.
server.tomcat.max-connections= # Maximum number of connections that the server will accept and process at any given time.
server.tomcat.max-http-post-size=0 # Maximum size in bytes of the HTTP post content.
server.tomcat.max-threads=0 # Maximum amount of worker threads.
server.tomcat.min-spare-threads=0 # Minimum amount of worker threads.
server.tomcat.port-header=X-Forwarded-Port # Name of the HTTP header used to override the original port value.
server.tomcat.protocol-header= # Header that holds the incoming protocol, usually named "X-Forwarded-Proto".
server.tomcat.protocol-header-https-value=https # Value of the protocol header that indicates that the incoming request uses SSL.
server.tomcat.redirect-context-root= # Whether requests to the context root should be redirected by appending a / to the path.
server.tomcat.remote-ip-header= # Name of the http header from which the remote ip is extracted. For instance `X-FORWARDED-FOR`
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8 # Character encoding to use to decode the URI.
server.undertow.accesslog.dir= # Undertow access log directory.
server.undertow.accesslog.enabled=false # Enable access log.
server.undertow.accesslog.pattern=common # Format pattern for access logs.
server.undertow.accesslog.prefix=access_log. # Log file nam