CyclicBarrier和CountDownLacth

概念

CyclicBarrier:假设有这么一个场景：每一个线程代表一个跑步运动员，当运动员都准备好后，才一起出发，只要有一个人没准备好，大家都在等待。

CountDownLacth:他经常用于监听某些初始化操作，等初始化执行完毕后，通知主线程继续工作。

事例

CountDownLacth的使用

public class UseCountDownLatch {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
            final CountDownLatch countDown=new CountDownLatch(2);

            Thread t1=new Thread(new Runnable(){
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        System.out.println("进入线程1并等待其他线程完成......");
                        countDown.await();
                        System.out.println("t1线程继续执行....");
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            },"t1");

            Thread t2=new Thread(new Runnable(){
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        System.out.println("线程2进行初始化操作");
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                        System.out.println("线程2进行初始化完毕，通知t1线程继续");
                        countDown.countDown();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            },"t2");

            Thread t3=new Thread(new Runnable(){
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        System.out.println("线程3进行初始化操作");
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                        System.out.println("线程3进行初始化完毕，通知t1线程继续");
                        countDown.countDown();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            },"t3");

            t1.start();
            t2.start();
            t3.start();
    }   
}

运行结果

其中这行代码很关键，之所以要声明成final，是因为他被匿名内部类引用了，参数是2说明必须调用两次countDown.countDown()才能把countDown.await()唤醒。所以这里线程2，线程3都调用了countDown.countDown()才把线程1唤醒，缺一不可。

final CountDownLatch countDown=new CountDownLatch(2);

CyclicBarrier的使用

public class UseCyclicBarrier {

    static class Runner implements Runnable{
        private CyclicBarrier barrier;
        private String name;

        public Runner(CyclicBarrier barrier,String name){
            this.barrier=barrier;
            this.name=name;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000*(new Random()).nextInt(5));
                System.out.println(name+"准备好了");
                barrier.await();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(name+"GO!!!");
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CyclicBarrier barrier=new CyclicBarrier(3);
        ExecutorService executor=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        executor.execute(new Thread(new Runner(barrier,"张三")));
        executor.execute(new Thread(new Runner(barrier,"李四")));
        executor.execute(new Thread(new Runner(barrier,"王五")));

        executor.shutdown();

    }
}

运行结果:先打印了张三准备好了，过几秒打印了王五准备好了，过几秒后后面的一起打印了。

参数3说明，barrier.await()必须调用三次后，才会分别执行各自barrier.await()后的语句

CyclicBarrier barrier=new CyclicBarrier(3);