SpringBoot自动装配

一、关键注解

AutoConfigurationImportSelector类中selectImports方法：

 public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
            return NO_IMPORTS;
        } else {
            AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
            AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata, annotationMetadata);
            return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
        }
    }

==>找到依赖中的META-INF/spring.factories配置文件，自动开启默认配置

---

补充：@Import注解四种使用

1、直接导入Bean

// 1、直接导入Bean
@Import(User.class)
public class HelloApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(HelloApp.class, args);

2、导入配置类(此时配置类中的@Configuration注解可以不写)

配置类

//@Configuration
public class UserConfig {
    @Bean
    public User user() {
        return new User();
    }

    @Bean
    public Role role() {
        return new Role();
    }
}

// 2、导入配置类(此时配置类中的@Configuration注解可以不写)
@Import(UserConfig.class)
public class HelloApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(HelloApp.class, args);

        //是否注册了User到容器
        User user = context.getBean(User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
        Map<String, User> map = context.getBeansOfType(User.class);
        System.out.println(map);

3、导入ImportSelector的实现类(@EnableAutoConfiguration注解内部使用这种方式)

实现类：

public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {

        return new String[]{"com.swjtu.domain.User","com.swjtu.domain.Role"};
    }
}

// 3、导入ImportSelector的实现类
@Import(MyImportSelector.class)
public class HelloApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(HelloApp.class, args);

4、导入ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar实现类

实现类：

public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
        AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = BeanDefinitionBuilder.rootBeanDefinition(User.class).getBeanDefinition();
        registry.registerBeanDefinition("user",beanDefinition);
    }
}

// 4、ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
@Import(MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class)
public class HelloApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(HelloApp.class, args);

---

二、细节

1. @AutoConfigurationPackage（自动配置包，指定默认的包规则）

@Import({Registrar.class})
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {
}

1.利用Registrar给容器中导入一系列组件
2.将指定的一个包下的所有组件导入进来（启动类所在包下）

2.@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})

AutoConfigurationImportSelector类中：

 public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
            return NO_IMPORTS;
        } else {
            AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
            AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata, annotationMetadata);
            return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
        }
    }
protected AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata, AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
            return EMPTY_ENTRY;
        } else {
            AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
            List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
            configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
            Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
            this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
            configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
            configurations = this.filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
            this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
            return new AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
        }
    }

1.利用getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata),给容器中批量导入一些组件
2.调用 List configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes); 获取到所有需要导入到容器中的配置类

public final class SpringFactoriesLoader {
    public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";
    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SpringFactoriesLoader.class);
    private static final Map<ClassLoader, MultiValueMap<String, String>> cache = new ConcurrentReferenceHashMap();

3.利用这个工厂类加载所有组件，从META-INF/spring.factories位置来加载一个文件

3.按需加载

1.虽然我们所有的自动配置启动时默认全部加载，xxxxAutoConfiguration
2.但按照条件装配规则（@conditionalxxx）,最终按需配置

4.整合某个技术

该配置可以这样做：找到该依赖的自动配置类，如：

找到对应场景的注解 @EnableConfigurationProperties({DiscoveryClientHealthIndicatorProperties.class})

@ConfigurationProperties("spring.cloud.discovery.client.health-indicator")
public class DiscoveryClientHealthIndicatorProperties {
    private boolean enabled = true;
    private boolean includeDescription = false;

    public DiscoveryClientHealthIndicatorProperties() {
    }

    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return this.enabled;
    }

    public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
        this.enabled = enabled;
    }

    public boolean isIncludeDescription() {
        return this.includeDescription;
    }

    public void setIncludeDescription(boolean includeDescription) {
        this.includeDescription = includeDescription;
    }

    public String toString() {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("DiscoveryClientHealthIndicatorProperties{");
        sb.append("enabled=").append(this.enabled);
        sb.append(", includeDescription=").append(this.includeDescription);
        sb.append('}');
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

最后按需在application.properties中修改。

---

简述