分布式锁和分布式事务

分布式锁和分布式事务

分布式锁：是服务做集群时（集群：单个服务多实例部署），可以解决把从不同服务进来的同一请求线程串行话;

分布式事务：多个微服务之间相互调用时，一个请求涉及多个服务之间的数据新增或变化，要么都成功、要么失败都回滚；

分布式锁不是用来解决分布式事务的，两个不同的感念

有的同学说，A服务调B服务，如果B服务异常我返回错误或抛异常给A服务，A服务收到错误码或异常就回滚；（如果返回过程发生网络延迟，或者A服务收到B服务反馈后发生异常，B服务这时候是无感的，A服务回滚，B服务无感知）；

分布式锁推荐使用redission
1、引用redisson的pom

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
    <artifactId>redisson</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.0</version>
</dependency>

2、定义Lock的接口定义类

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.redisson.api.RLock;

public interface DistributedLocker {

    RLock lock(String lockKey);

    RLock lock(String lockKey, int timeout);

    RLock lock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int timeout);

    boolean tryLock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int waitTime, int leaseTime);

    void unlock(String lockKey);

    void unlock(RLock lock);
}

3、Lock接口实现类

import org.redisson.api.RLock;
import org.redisson.api.RedissonClient;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class RedissonDistributedLocker implements DistributedLocker {
    
    private RedissonClient redissonClient;

    @Override
    public RLock lock(String lockKey) {
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
        lock.lock();
        return lock;
    }

    @Override
    public RLock lock(String lockKey, int leaseTime) {
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
        lock.lock(leaseTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        return lock;
    }
    
    @Override
    public RLock lock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit ,int timeout) {
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
        lock.lock(timeout, unit);
        return lock;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean tryLock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int waitTime, int leaseTime) {
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
        try {
            return lock.tryLock(waitTime, leaseTime, unit);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void unlock(String lockKey) {
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock(lockKey);
        lock.unlock();
    }
    
    @Override
    public void unlock(RLock lock) {
        lock.unlock();
    }

    public void setRedissonClient(RedissonClient redissonClient) {
        this.redissonClient = redissonClient;
    }
}

4、redisson属性装配类

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "redisson")
@ConditionalOnProperty("redisson.password")
public class RedissonProperties {

    private int timeout = 3000;

    private String address;

    private String password;
    
    private int database = 0;

    private int connectionPoolSize = 64;
    
    private int connectionMinimumIdleSize=10;

    private int slaveConnectionPoolSize = 250;

    private int masterConnectionPoolSize = 250;

    private String[] sentinelAddresses;

    private String masterName;

    public int getTimeout() {
        return timeout;
    }

    public void setTimeout(int timeout) {
        this.timeout = timeout;
    }

    public int getSlaveConnectionPoolSize() {
        return slaveConnectionPoolSize;
    }

    public void setSlaveConnectionPoolSize(int slaveConnectionPoolSize) {
        this.slaveConnectionPoolSize = slaveConnectionPoolSize;
    }

    public int getMasterConnectionPoolSize() {
        return masterConnectionPoolSize;
    }

    public void setMasterConnectionPoolSize(int masterConnectionPoolSize) {
        this.masterConnectionPoolSize = masterConnectionPoolSize;
    }

    public String[] getSentinelAddresses() {
        return sentinelAddresses;
    }

    public void setSentinelAddresses(String sentinelAddresses) {
        this.sentinelAddresses = sentinelAddresses.split(",");
    }

    public String getMasterName() {
        return masterName;
    }

    public void setMasterName(String masterName) {
        this.masterName = masterName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public int getConnectionPoolSize() {
        return connectionPoolSize;
    }

    public void setConnectionPoolSize(int connectionPoolSize) {
        this.connectionPoolSize = connectionPoolSize;
    }

    public int getConnectionMinimumIdleSize() {
        return connectionMinimumIdleSize;
    }

    public void setConnectionMinimumIdleSize(int connectionMinimumIdleSize) {
        this.connectionMinimumIdleSize = connectionMinimumIdleSize;
    }

    public int getDatabase() {
        return database;
    }

    public void setDatabase(int database) {
        this.database = database;
    }

    public void setSentinelAddresses(String[] sentinelAddresses) {
        this.sentinelAddresses = sentinelAddresses;
    }
}

5、SpringBoot自动装配类

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.api.RedissonClient;
import org.redisson.config.Config;
import org.redisson.config.SentinelServersConfig;
import org.redisson.config.SingleServerConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import com.longge.lock.DistributedLocker;
import com.longge.lock.RedissonDistributedLocker;
import com.longge.lock.RedissonProperties;
import com.longge.utils.RedissLockUtil;

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(Config.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RedissonProperties.class)
public class RedissonAutoConfiguration {

    @Autowired
    private RedissonProperties redssionProperties;

    /**
     * 哨兵模式自动装配
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnProperty(name="redisson.master-name")
    RedissonClient redissonSentinel() {
        Config config = new Config();
        SentinelServersConfig serverConfig = config.useSentinelServers().addSentinelAddress(redssionProperties.getSentinelAddresses())
                .setMasterName(redssionProperties.getMasterName())
                .setTimeout(redssionProperties.getTimeout())
                .setMasterConnectionPoolSize(redssionProperties.getMasterConnectionPoolSize())
                .setSlaveConnectionPoolSize(redssionProperties.getSlaveConnectionPoolSize());
        
        if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(redssionProperties.getPassword())) {
            serverConfig.setPassword(redssionProperties.getPassword());
        }
        return Redisson.create(config);
    }

    /**
     * 单机模式自动装配
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnProperty(name="redisson.address")
    RedissonClient redissonSingle() {
        Config config = new Config();
        SingleServerConfig serverConfig = config.useSingleServer()
                .setAddress(redssionProperties.getAddress())
                .setTimeout(redssionProperties.getTimeout())
                .setConnectionPoolSize(redssionProperties.getConnectionPoolSize())
                .setConnectionMinimumIdleSize(redssionProperties.getConnectionMinimumIdleSize());
        
        if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(redssionProperties.getPassword())) {
            serverConfig.setPassword(redssionProperties.getPassword());
        }

        return Redisson.create(config);
    }

    /**
     * 装配locker类，并将实例注入到RedissLockUtil中
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    DistributedLocker distributedLocker(RedissonClient redissonClient) {
        DistributedLocker locker = new RedissonDistributedLocker();
        locker.setRedissonClient(redissonClient);
        RedissLockUtil.setLocker(locker);
        return locker;
    }

}

6、Lock帮助类

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.redisson.api.RLock;

import DistributedLocker;

/**
 * redis分布式锁帮助类
 * @author yangzhilong
 *
 */
public class RedissLockUtil {
    private static DistributedLocker redissLock;
    
    public static void setLocker(DistributedLocker locker) {
        redissLock = locker;
    }
    
    /**
     * 加锁
     * @param lockKey
     * @return
     */
    public static RLock lock(String lockKey) {
        return redissLock.lock(lockKey);
    }

    /**
     * 释放锁
     * @param lockKey
     */
    public static void unlock(String lockKey) {
        redissLock.unlock(lockKey);
    }
    
    /**
     * 释放锁
     * @param lock
     */
    public static void unlock(RLock lock) {
        redissLock.unlock(lock);
    }

    /**
     * 带超时的锁
     * @param lockKey
     * @param timeout 超时时间   单位：秒
     */
    public static RLock lock(String lockKey, int timeout) {
        return redissLock.lock(lockKey, timeout);
    }
    
    /**
     * 带超时的锁
     * @param lockKey
     * @param unit 时间单位
     * @param timeout 超时时间
     */
    public static RLock lock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit ,int timeout) {
        return redissLock.lock(lockKey, unit, timeout);
    }
    
    /**
     * 尝试获取锁
     * @param lockKey
     * @param waitTime 最多等待时间
     * @param leaseTime 上锁后自动释放锁时间
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean tryLock(String lockKey, int waitTime, int leaseTime) {
        return redissLock.tryLock(lockKey, TimeUnit.SECONDS, waitTime, leaseTime);
    }
    
    /**
     * 尝试获取锁
     * @param lockKey
     * @param unit 时间单位
     * @param waitTime 最多等待时间
     * @param leaseTime 上锁后自动释放锁时间
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean tryLock(String lockKey, TimeUnit unit, int waitTime, int leaseTime) {
        return redissLock.tryLock(lockKey, unit, waitTime, leaseTime);
    }
}

属性文件实例：

# redisson lock
redisson.address=redis://10.18.75.115:6379
redisson.password=

链接: redission原文配置.

分布式事务推荐使用阿里的seata
链接: seata配置.