SQL学习

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-24 18:42:15 发布
最新推荐文章于 2022-08-24 18:42:15 发布
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分类专栏： 数据库 文章标签： 数据库 sql
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35515283/article/details/122409852
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0.准备

演示用到的sql表如下

/*
SQLyog Ultimate v10.00 Beta1
MySQL - 5.5.15 : Database - myemployees
*********************************************************************
*/

/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/`myemployees` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gb2312 */;

USE `myemployees`;

/*Table structure for table `departments` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `departments`;

CREATE TABLE `departments` (
                               `department_id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                               `department_name` varchar(3) DEFAULT NULL,
                               `manager_id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL,
                               `location_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,
                               PRIMARY KEY (`department_id`),
                               KEY `loc_id_fk` (`location_id`),
                               CONSTRAINT `loc_id_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`location_id`) REFERENCES `locations` (`location_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=271 DEFAULT CHARSET=gb2312;

/*Data for the table `departments` */

insert  into `departments`(`department_id`,`department_name`,`manager_id`,`location_id`) values (10,'Adm',200,1700),(20,'Mar',201,1800),(30,'Pur',114,1700),(40,'Hum',203,2400),(50,'Shi',121,1500),(60,'IT',103,1400),(70,'Pub',204,2700),(80,'Sal',145,2500),(90,'Exe',100,1700),(100,'Fin',108,1700),(110,'Acc',205,1700),(120,'Tre',NULL,1700),(130,'Cor',NULL,1700),(140,'Con',NULL,1700),(150,'Sha',NULL,1700),(160,'Ben',NULL,1700),(170,'Man',NULL,1700),(180,'Con',NULL,1700),(190,'Con',NULL,1700),(200,'Ope',NULL,1700),(210,'IT ',NULL,1700),(220,'NOC',NULL,1700),(230,'IT ',NULL,1700),(240,'Gov',NULL,1700),(250,'Ret',NULL,1700),(260,'Rec',NULL,1700),(270,'Pay',NULL,1700);

/*Table structure for table `employees` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employees`;

CREATE TABLE `employees` (
                             `employee_id` int(6) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                             `first_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `last_name` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `email` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `phone_number` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `job_id` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `salary` double(10,2) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `commission_pct` double(4,2) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `manager_id` int(6) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `department_id` int(4) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `hiredate` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
                             PRIMARY KEY (`employee_id`),
                             KEY `dept_id_fk` (`department_id`),
                             KEY `job_id_fk` (`job_id`),
                             CONSTRAINT `dept_id_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`department_id`) REFERENCES `departments` (`department_id`),
                             CONSTRAINT `job_id_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`job_id`) REFERENCES `jobs` (`job_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=207 DEFAULT CHARSET=gb2312;

/*Data for the table `employees` */

insert  into `employees`(`employee_id`,`first_name`,`last_name`,`email`,`phone_number`,`job_id`,`salary`,`commission_pct`,`manager_id`,`department_id`,`hiredate`) values (100,'Steven','K_ing','SKING','515.123.4567','AD_PRES',24000.00,NULL,NULL,90,'1992-04-03 00:00:00'),(101,'Neena','Kochhar','NKOCHHAR','515.123.4568','AD_VP',17000.00,NULL,100,90,'1992-04-03 00:00:00'),(102,'Lex','De Haan','LDEHAAN','515.123.4569','AD_VP',17000.00,NULL,100,90,'1992-04-03 00:00:00'),(103,'Alexander','Hunold','AHUNOLD','590.423.4567','IT_PROG',9000.00,NULL,102,60,'1992-04-03 00:00:00'),(104,'Bruce','Ernst','BERNST','590.423.4568','IT_PROG',6000.00,NULL,103,60,'1992-04-03 00:00:00'),(105,'David','Austin','DAUSTIN','590.423.4569','IT_PROG',4800.00,NULL,103,60,'1998-03-03 00:00:00'),(106,'Valli','Pataballa','VPATABAL','590.423.4560','IT_PROG',4800.00,NULL,103,60,'1998-03-03 00:00:00'),(107,'Diana','Lorentz','DLORENTZ','590.423.5567','IT_PROG',4200.00,NULL,103,60,'1998-03-03 00:00:00'),(108,'Nancy','Greenberg','NGREENBE','515.124.4569','FI_MGR',12000.00,NULL,101,100,'1998-03-03 00:00:00'),(109,'Daniel','Faviet','DFAVIET','515.124.4169','FI_ACCOUNT',9000.00,NULL,108,100,'1998-03-03 00:00:00'),(110,'John','Chen','JCHEN','515.124.4269','FI_ACCOUNT',8200.00,NULL,108,100,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(111,'Ismael','Sciarra','ISCIARRA','515.124.4369','FI_ACCOUNT',7700.00,NULL,108,100,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(112,'Jose Manuel','Urman','JMURMAN','515.124.4469','FI_ACCOUNT',7800.00,NULL,108,100,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(113,'Luis','Popp','LPOPP','515.124.4567','FI_ACCOUNT',6900.00,NULL,108,100,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(114,'Den','Raphaely','DRAPHEAL','515.127.4561','PU_MAN',11000.00,NULL,100,30,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(115,'Alexander','Khoo','AKHOO','515.127.4562','PU_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,114,30,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(116,'Shelli','Baida','SBAIDA','515.127.4563','PU_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,114,30,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(117,'Sigal','Tobias','STOBIAS','515.127.4564','PU_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,114,30,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(118,'Guy','Himuro','GHIMURO','515.127.4565','PU_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,114,30,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(119,'Karen','Colmenares','KCOLMENA','515.127.4566','PU_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,114,30,'2000-09-09 00:00:00'),(120,'Matthew','Weiss','MWEISS','650.123.1234','ST_MAN',8000.00,NULL,100,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(121,'Adam','Fripp','AFRIPP','650.123.2234','ST_MAN',8200.00,NULL,100,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(122,'Payam','Kaufling','PKAUFLIN','650.123.3234','ST_MAN',7900.00,NULL,100,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(123,'Shanta','Vollman','SVOLLMAN','650.123.4234','ST_MAN',6500.00,NULL,100,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(124,'Kevin','Mourgos','KMOURGOS','650.123.5234','ST_MAN',5800.00,NULL,100,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(125,'Julia','Nayer','JNAYER','650.124.1214','ST_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,120,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(126,'Irene','Mikkilineni','IMIKKILI','650.124.1224','ST_CLERK',2700.00,NULL,120,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(127,'James','Landry','JLANDRY','650.124.1334','ST_CLERK',2400.00,NULL,120,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(128,'Steven','Markle','SMARKLE','650.124.1434','ST_CLERK',2200.00,NULL,120,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(129,'Laura','Bissot','LBISSOT','650.124.5234','ST_CLERK',3300.00,NULL,121,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(130,'Mozhe','Atkinson','MATKINSO','650.124.6234','ST_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,121,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(131,'James','Marlow','JAMRLOW','650.124.7234','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,121,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(132,'TJ','Olson','TJOLSON','650.124.8234','ST_CLERK',2100.00,NULL,121,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(133,'Jason','Mallin','JMALLIN','650.127.1934','ST_CLERK',3300.00,NULL,122,50,'2004-02-06 00:00:00'),(134,'Michael','Rogers','MROGERS','650.127.1834','ST_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,122,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(135,'Ki','Gee','KGEE','650.127.1734','ST_CLERK',2400.00,NULL,122,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(136,'Hazel','Philtanker','HPHILTAN','650.127.1634','ST_CLERK',2200.00,NULL,122,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(137,'Renske','Ladwig','RLADWIG','650.121.1234','ST_CLERK',3600.00,NULL,123,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(138,'Stephen','Stiles','SSTILES','650.121.2034','ST_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,123,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(139,'John','Seo','JSEO','650.121.2019','ST_CLERK',2700.00,NULL,123,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(140,'Joshua','Patel','JPATEL','650.121.1834','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,123,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(141,'Trenna','Rajs','TRAJS','650.121.8009','ST_CLERK',3500.00,NULL,124,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(142,'Curtis','Davies','CDAVIES','650.121.2994','ST_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,124,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(143,'Randall','Matos','RMATOS','650.121.2874','ST_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(144,'Peter','Vargas','PVARGAS','650.121.2004','ST_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,124,50,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(145,'John','Russell','JRUSSEL','011.44.1344.429268','SA_MAN',14000.00,0.40,100,80,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(146,'Karen','Partners','KPARTNER','011.44.1344.467268','SA_MAN',13500.00,0.30,100,80,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(147,'Alberto','Errazuriz','AERRAZUR','011.44.1344.429278','SA_MAN',12000.00,0.30,100,80,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(148,'Gerald','Cambrault','GCAMBRAU','011.44.1344.619268','SA_MAN',11000.00,0.30,100,80,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(149,'Eleni','Zlotkey','EZLOTKEY','011.44.1344.429018','SA_MAN',10500.00,0.20,100,80,'2002-12-23 00:00:00'),(150,'Peter','Tucker','PTUCKER','011.44.1344.129268','SA_REP',10000.00,0.30,145,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(151,'David','Bernstein','DBERNSTE','011.44.1344.345268','SA_REP',9500.00,0.25,145,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(152,'Peter','Hall','PHALL','011.44.1344.478968','SA_REP',9000.00,0.25,145,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(153,'Christopher','Olsen','COLSEN','011.44.1344.498718','SA_REP',8000.00,0.20,145,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(154,'Nanette','Cambrault','NCAMBRAU','011.44.1344.987668','SA_REP',7500.00,0.20,145,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(155,'Oliver','Tuvault','OTUVAULT','011.44.1344.486508','SA_REP',7000.00,0.15,145,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(156,'Janette','K_ing','JKING','011.44.1345.429268','SA_REP',10000.00,0.35,146,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(157,'Patrick','Sully','PSULLY','011.44.1345.929268','SA_REP',9500.00,0.35,146,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(158,'Allan','McEwen','AMCEWEN','011.44.1345.829268','SA_REP',9000.00,0.35,146,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(159,'Lindsey','Smith','LSMITH','011.44.1345.729268','SA_REP',8000.00,0.30,146,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(160,'Louise','Doran','LDORAN','011.44.1345.629268','SA_REP',7500.00,0.30,146,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(161,'Sarath','Sewall','SSEWALL','011.44.1345.529268','SA_REP',7000.00,0.25,146,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(162,'Clara','Vishney','CVISHNEY','011.44.1346.129268','SA_REP',10500.00,0.25,147,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(163,'Danielle','Greene','DGREENE','011.44.1346.229268','SA_REP',9500.00,0.15,147,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(164,'Mattea','Marvins','MMARVINS','011.44.1346.329268','SA_REP',7200.00,0.10,147,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(165,'David','Lee','DLEE','011.44.1346.529268','SA_REP',6800.00,0.10,147,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(166,'Sundar','Ande','SANDE','011.44.1346.629268','SA_REP',6400.00,0.10,147,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(167,'Amit','Banda','ABANDA','011.44.1346.729268','SA_REP',6200.00,0.10,147,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(168,'Lisa','Ozer','LOZER','011.44.1343.929268','SA_REP',11500.00,0.25,148,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(169,'Harrison','Bloom','HBLOOM','011.44.1343.829268','SA_REP',10000.00,0.20,148,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(170,'Tayler','Fox','TFOX','011.44.1343.729268','SA_REP',9600.00,0.20,148,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(171,'William','Smith','WSMITH','011.44.1343.629268','SA_REP',7400.00,0.15,148,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(172,'Elizabeth','Bates','EBATES','011.44.1343.529268','SA_REP',7300.00,0.15,148,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(173,'Sundita','Kumar','SKUMAR','011.44.1343.329268','SA_REP',6100.00,0.10,148,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(174,'Ellen','Abel','EABEL','011.44.1644.429267','SA_REP',11000.00,0.30,149,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(175,'Alyssa','Hutton','AHUTTON','011.44.1644.429266','SA_REP',8800.00,0.25,149,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(176,'Jonathon','Taylor','JTAYLOR','011.44.1644.429265','SA_REP',8600.00,0.20,149,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(177,'Jack','Livingston','JLIVINGS','011.44.1644.429264','SA_REP',8400.00,0.20,149,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(178,'Kimberely','Grant','KGRANT','011.44.1644.429263','SA_REP',7000.00,0.15,149,NULL,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(179,'Charles','Johnson','CJOHNSON','011.44.1644.429262','SA_REP',6200.00,0.10,149,80,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(180,'Winston','Taylor','WTAYLOR','650.507.9876','SH_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,120,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(181,'Jean','Fleaur','JFLEAUR','650.507.9877','SH_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,120,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(182,'Martha','Sullivan','MSULLIVA','650.507.9878','SH_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,120,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(183,'Girard','Geoni','GGEONI','650.507.9879','SH_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,120,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(184,'Nandita','Sarchand','NSARCHAN','650.509.1876','SH_CLERK',4200.00,NULL,121,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(185,'Alexis','Bull','ABULL','650.509.2876','SH_CLERK',4100.00,NULL,121,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(186,'Julia','Dellinger','JDELLING','650.509.3876','SH_CLERK',3400.00,NULL,121,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(187,'Anthony','Cabrio','ACABRIO','650.509.4876','SH_CLERK',3000.00,NULL,121,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(188,'Kelly','Chung','KCHUNG','650.505.1876','SH_CLERK',3800.00,NULL,122,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(189,'Jennifer','Dilly','JDILLY','650.505.2876','SH_CLERK',3600.00,NULL,122,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(190,'Timothy','Gates','TGATES','650.505.3876','SH_CLERK',2900.00,NULL,122,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(191,'Randall','Perkins','RPERKINS','650.505.4876','SH_CLERK',2500.00,NULL,122,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(192,'Sarah','Bell','SBELL','650.501.1876','SH_CLERK',4000.00,NULL,123,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(193,'Britney','Everett','BEVERETT','650.501.2876','SH_CLERK',3900.00,NULL,123,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(194,'Samuel','McCain','SMCCAIN','650.501.3876','SH_CLERK',3200.00,NULL,123,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(195,'Vance','Jones','VJONES','650.501.4876','SH_CLERK',2800.00,NULL,123,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(196,'Alana','Walsh','AWALSH','650.507.9811','SH_CLERK',3100.00,NULL,124,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(197,'Kevin','Feeney','KFEENEY','650.507.9822','SH_CLERK',3000.00,NULL,124,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(198,'Donald','OConnell','DOCONNEL','650.507.9833','SH_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(199,'Douglas','Grant','DGRANT','650.507.9844','SH_CLERK',2600.00,NULL,124,50,'2014-03-05 00:00:00'),(200,'Jennifer','Whalen','JWHALEN','515.123.4444','AD_ASST',4400.00,NULL,101,10,'2016-03-03 00:00:00'),(201,'Michael','Hartstein','MHARTSTE','515.123.5555','MK_MAN',13000.00,NULL,100,20,'2016-03-03 00:00:00'),(202,'Pat','Fay','PFAY','603.123.6666','MK_REP',6000.00,NULL,201,20,'2016-03-03 00:00:00'),(203,'Susan','Mavris','SMAVRIS','515.123.7777','HR_REP',6500.00,NULL,101,40,'2016-03-03 00:00:00'),(204,'Hermann','Baer','HBAER','515.123.8888','PR_REP',10000.00,NULL,101,70,'2016-03-03 00:00:00'),(205,'Shelley','Higgins','SHIGGINS','515.123.8080','AC_MGR',12000.00,NULL,101,110,'2016-03-03 00:00:00'),(206,'William','Gietz','WGIETZ','515.123.8181','AC_ACCOUNT',8300.00,NULL,205,110,'2016-03-03 00:00:00');

/*Table structure for table `jobs` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `jobs`;

CREATE TABLE `jobs` (
                        `job_id` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
                        `job_title` varchar(35) DEFAULT NULL,
                        `min_salary` int(6) DEFAULT NULL,
                        `max_salary` int(6) DEFAULT NULL,
                        PRIMARY KEY (`job_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=gb2312;

/*Data for the table `jobs` */

insert  into `jobs`(`job_id`,`job_title`,`min_salary`,`max_salary`) values ('AC_ACCOUNT','Public Accountant',4200,9000),('AC_MGR','Accounting Manager',8200,16000),('AD_ASST','Administration Assistant',3000,6000),('AD_PRES','President',20000,40000),('AD_VP','Administration Vice President',15000,30000),('FI_ACCOUNT','Accountant',4200,9000),('FI_MGR','Finance Manager',8200,16000),('HR_REP','Human Resources Representative',4000,9000),('IT_PROG','Programmer',4000,10000),('MK_MAN','Marketing Manager',9000,15000),('MK_REP','Marketing Representative',4000,9000),('PR_REP','Public Relations Representative',4500,10500),('PU_CLERK','Purchasing Clerk',2500,5500),('PU_MAN','Purchasing Manager',8000,15000),('SA_MAN','Sales Manager',10000,20000),('SA_REP','Sales Representative',6000,12000),('SH_CLERK','Shipping Clerk',2500,5500),('ST_CLERK','Stock Clerk',2000,5000),('ST_MAN','Stock Manager',5500,8500);

/*Table structure for table `locations` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `locations`;

CREATE TABLE `locations` (
                             `location_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                             `street_address` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `postal_code` varchar(12) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `city` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `state_province` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL,
                             `country_id` varchar(2) DEFAULT NULL,
                             PRIMARY KEY (`location_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3201 DEFAULT CHARSET=gb2312;

/*Data for the table `locations` */

insert  into `locations`(`location_id`,`street_address`,`postal_code`,`city`,`state_province`,`country_id`) values (1000,'1297 Via Cola di Rie','00989','Roma',NULL,'IT'),(1100,'93091 Calle della Testa','10934','Venice',NULL,'IT'),(1200,'2017 Shinjuku-ku','1689','Tokyo','Tokyo Prefecture','JP'),(1300,'9450 Kamiya-cho','6823','Hiroshima',NULL,'JP'),(1400,'2014 Jabberwocky Rd','26192','Southlake','Texas','US'),(1500,'2011 Interiors Blvd','99236','South San Francisco','California','US'),(1600,'2007 Zagora St','50090','South Brunswick','New Jersey','US'),(1700,'2004 Charade Rd','98199','Seattle','Washington','US'),(1800,'147 Spadina Ave','M5V 2L7','Toronto','Ontario','CA'),(1900,'6092 Boxwood St','YSW 9T2','Whitehorse','Yukon','CA'),(2000,'40-5-12 Laogianggen','190518','Beijing',NULL,'CN'),(2100,'1298 Vileparle (E)','490231','Bombay','Maharashtra','IN'),(2200,'12-98 Victoria Street','2901','Sydney','New South Wales','AU'),(2300,'198 Clementi North','540198','Singapore',NULL,'SG'),(2400,'8204 Arthur St',NULL,'London',NULL,'UK'),(2500,'Magdalen Centre, The Oxford Science Park','OX9 9ZB','Oxford','Oxford','UK'),(2600,'9702 Chester Road','09629850293','Stretford','Manchester','UK'),(2700,'Schwanthalerstr. 7031','80925','Munich','Bavaria','DE'),(2800,'Rua Frei Caneca 1360 ','01307-002','Sao Paulo','Sao Paulo','BR'),(2900,'20 Rue des Corps-Saints','1730','Geneva','Geneve','CH'),(3000,'Murtenstrasse 921','3095','Bern','BE','CH'),(3100,'Pieter Breughelstraat 837','3029SK','Utrecht','Utrecht','NL'),(3200,'Mariano Escobedo 9991','11932','Mexico City','Distrito Federal,','MX');

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
/*
SQLyog Ultimate v10.00 Beta1
MySQL - 5.7.18-log : Database - girls
*********************************************************************
*/

/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/`girls` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

USE `girls`;

/*Table structure for table `admin` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `admin`;

CREATE TABLE `admin` (
                         `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                         `username` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
                         `password` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
                         PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `admin` */

insert  into `admin`(`id`,`username`,`password`) values (1,'john','8888'),(2,'lyt','6666');

/*Table structure for table `beauty` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `beauty`;

CREATE TABLE `beauty` (
                          `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                          `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
                          `sex` char(1) DEFAULT '女',
                          `borndate` datetime DEFAULT '1987-01-01 00:00:00',
                          `phone` varchar(11) NOT NULL,
                          `photo` blob,
                          `boyfriend_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
                          PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=13 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `beauty` */

insert  into `beauty`(`id`,`name`,`sex`,`borndate`,`phone`,`photo`,`boyfriend_id`) values (1,'柳岩','女','1988-02-03 00:00:00','18209876577',NULL,8),(2,'苍老师','女','1987-12-30 00:00:00','18219876577',NULL,9),(3,'Angelababy','女','1989-02-03 00:00:00','18209876567',NULL,3),(4,'热巴','女','1993-02-03 00:00:00','18209876579',NULL,2),(5,'周冬雨','女','1992-02-03 00:00:00','18209179577',NULL,9),(6,'周芷若','女','1988-02-03 00:00:00','18209876577',NULL,1),(7,'岳灵珊','女','1987-12-30 00:00:00','18219876577',NULL,9),(8,'小昭','女','1989-02-03 00:00:00','18209876567',NULL,1),(9,'双儿','女','1993-02-03 00:00:00','18209876579',NULL,9),(10,'王语嫣','女','1992-02-03 00:00:00','18209179577',NULL,4),(11,'夏雪','女','1993-02-03 00:00:00','18209876579',NULL,9),(12,'赵敏','女','1992-02-03 00:00:00','18209179577',NULL,1);

/*Table structure for table `boys` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `boys`;

CREATE TABLE `boys` (
                        `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
                        `boyName` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
                        `userCP` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
                        PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `boys` */

insert  into `boys`(`id`,`boyName`,`userCP`) values (1,'张无忌',100),(2,'鹿晗',800),(3,'黄晓明',50),(4,'段誉',300);

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

语法

SELECT 查询列表
FROM 表1 别名 【连接类型】
JOIN   表2 别名 
ON 连接条件
【WHERE 筛选条件】
【GROUP BY 分组】
【HAVING 筛选条件】
【ORDER BY 排序列表】

连接类型分类：

内连接：INNER

外连接：

右外：RIGHT 【OUTER可省略】

左外：LEFT 【OUTER可省略】

全外：FULL 【OUTER可省略】

交叉连接：CROSS

1.内连接

内连接像是查询的几张表的交集部分。

SELECT 查询列表
FROM 表1 别名 INNER
JOIN   表2 别名 
ON 连接条件
【WHERE 筛选条件】
【GROUP BY 分组】
【HAVING 筛选条件】
【ORDER BY 排序列表】

等值连接

查询员工名、部门名

SELECT last_name,department_name
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d
ON e.department_id = d.department_id;

查询名字中包含e的员工名和工种名

SELECT last_name,job_title
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN jobs j
ON e.job_id = j.job_id
WHERE e.last_name LIKE '%e%';

查询部门个数>3的城市名和部门个数。（分组+筛选）

SELECT city,COUNT(*)
FROM departments d
INNER JOIN locations l
ON l.location_id = d.location_id
GROUP BY city
HAVING COUNT(*) >3;

查询员工个数大于3的部门和员工数，并按照个数降序（添加排序）

SELECT COUNT(*),d.department_name FROM departments d
INNER JOIN employees e
on d.department_id = e.department_id
GROUP BY d.department_name
HAVING COUNT(*)>3
ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC;

查询员工名、部门名、工种名，并按照部门名降序

SELECT last_name,department_name,job_title
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN departments d on e.department_id = d.department_id
INNER JOIN jobs j on e.job_id = j.job_id
ORDER BY department_name DESC ;

查询姓名中包含字符k的员工的名字、上级的名字

SELECT e.last_name,m.last_name
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN employees m
ON e.manager_id=m.employee_id
WHERE e.last_name LIKE '%k%';

2.外连接

外连接应用的场景：一张表中有，另一张表中没有的部分。

1.外连接查询结果为主表中的所有记录，
从表中和主表记录匹配的显示值，没有匹配的记录显示null
外连接查询的结果=内连接结果+主表中有而从表中没有的记录

2.左外连接：
    left join左边的是主表
  右外连接：
    right join右边的是主表
    
3.左外和右外：交换两个表的顺序，可以实现同样效果
4.全外连接=内连接的结果+表1中有但是表2没有的部分+表2中有但表1没有的部分

左外连接

SELECT b.name,bo.*
FROM beauty b
LEFT OUTER JOIN  boys bo
ON b.boyfriend_id=bo.id;

全外连接

（mysql不支持）

SELECT b.*,bo.*
FROM beauty b
FULL OUTER JOIN boys bo
ON b.boyfriend_id = bo.id;

交叉连接

笛卡尔乘积

SELECT b.* ,bo.*
FROM beauty b
CROSS JOIN boys bo;

案例：

查询编号>3的女神的男朋友信息，如果有则列出详情，如果没有，用null填充

SELECT b.name,bo.*
FROM beauty b
LEFT OUTER JOIN boys bo
ON b.boyfriend_id=bo.id
WHERE b.id>3;

查询哪个城市没有部门

SELECT l.city,d.department_name
FROM locations l
LEFT JOIN departments d on l.location_id = d.location_id
WHERE d.department_id is null ;

查询部门名为SAL或者IT的员工信息

SELECT d.department_name,e.*
FROM departments d
LEFT JOIN employees e on d.department_id = e.department_id
WHERE department_name='SAL' OR department_name = 'IT';

3.子查询

        出现在其他语句内部的select语句，称为子查询或内查询，内嵌在其他select语句的查询，称为外查询或主查询；

分类：

按子查询出现的位置：

select 后面：
仅支持标量子查询
from 后面：
表子查询
where或having后面：
标量子查询
列子查询
行子查询
exists后面：
表子查询

按功能：

        标量子查询（结果集只有一行一列）

        列子查询（结果集一列多行）

        行子查询（结果集有一行多列）

        表子查询（结果集一般为多行多列）

3.1where或having后面：

        标量子查询

        列子查询

        行子查询

特点：

  • 子查询放在小括号内
  • 子查询一般放在条件的右侧
  • 标量子查询，一般搭配着单行操作符使用(< > = )

3.1.1标量子查询

案例一：谁的工资比Abel高

SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE salary > (
SELECT salary FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Abel');

案例二：返回job_id与141号员工相同，salary比143号员工多的员工，姓名，job_id和工资

SELECT last_name,job_id,salary
FROM employees
WHERE job_id = (
    SELECT job_id
    FROM employees
    WHERE employee_id = 141
    ) AND salary > (
        SELECT salary
        FROM employees
        WHERE employee_id = 143
    );

案例三：返回公司工资最低最少的员工的last_name，job_id和salary

查询公司的最低工资

SELECT last_name,job_id,salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary=(
    SELECT MIN(salary)
    FROM employees
    );

案例四：查询最低工资大于50号部门最低工资的部门id和其最低工资

SELECT MIN(salary) ,department_id
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id
HAVING MIN(salary) >(
    SELECT MIN(salary)
    FROM employees
    WHERE department_id = 50
    );

3.1.2列子查询（多行子查询）

特点：使用多行比较操作符（in/not in ,any|some ,all）

案例一：返回location_id是1400或1700的部门中的所有员工姓名。

SELECT last_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN (
    SELECT DISTINCT department_id
    FROM departments
    WHERE location_id IN(1400,1700)
    );

案例二：返回其它工种中比job_id为‘IT_PROG’任一工资低的员工的员工号，姓名、job_id以及salary。

SELECT last_name,employee_id,job_id,salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary < ANY (SELECT DISTINCT salary
                    FROM employees
                    WHERE job_id = 'IT_PROG')
AND job_id<>'IT_PROG';

案例三：返回其他部门中比job_id为‘IT_PROG’部门所有工资都低的员工的员工号、姓名、job_id以及salary。

SELECT last_name,employee_id,job_id,salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary < ALL (SELECT DISTINCT salary
                    FROM employees
                    WHERE job_id = 'IT_PROG')
AND job_id<>'IT_PROG';

3.1.3行子查询（结果集一行多列或者多行多列）

案例一：查询员工编号最小并且工资最高的员工信息。

SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE (employee_id,salary)=(SELECT MIN(employee_id),MAX(salary)
    FROM employees);

3.2 SELECT后面（仅支持标量子查询）

案例一：查询每个部门的员工个数

SELECT d.* ,(
    SELECT COUNT(*)
    FROM employees e
    WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id
    ) AS 'nums'
FROM departments d;

案例二：查询员工号=102的部门名

SELECT (SELECT department_name
        FROM departments d
        WHERE d.department_id = e.department_id) AS 'department_name'
FROM employees e
WHERE employee_id = 102;

3.3 exists后面（相关子查询）

语法：
exists(完整的查询语句)
结果：
1或0

案例一：查询有员工的部门名

SELECT department_name
FROM departments d
WHERE EXISTS(
    SELECT *
    FROM employees e
    WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id);

案例二：查询没有女朋友的男神信息

SELECT *
FROM boys b
WHERE b.id NOT IN (SELECT boyfriend_id FROM beauty);
SELECT b.*
FROM boys b
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT *
FROM beauty g
WHERE g.boyfriend_id=b.id
    );

3.4 练习

1.查询和Zlotkey相同部门的员工姓名和工资。

SELECT e.last_name,e.salary
FROM employees e
WHERE e.department_id = (SELECT department_id
    FROM employees
    WHERE last_name = 'Zlotkey');

2.查询工资比公司平均工资高的员工的员工号，姓名和工资。

SELECT employee_id,last_name,salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary>(SELECT AVG(salary)
              FROM employees);

3.查询各部门中工资比本部门平均工资高的员工的员工号，姓名和工资。

 SELECT employee_id,last_name,salary
FROM employees e
INNER JOIN (SELECT AVG(salary) av,department_id
            FROM employees
            GROUP BY department_id) ag
ON ag.department_id=e.department_id
WHERE salary>av;

4.查询名字包含字母u的员工在相同部门的员工号和姓名。

 SELECT employee_id,last_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN (SELECT department_id
                        FROM employees
                        WHERE last_name LIKE '%u%');

5.查询在部门的location_id为1700的部门工作的员工的员工号、姓名

SELECT employee_id,last_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id IN (SELECT department_id
                        FROM departments
                        WHERE location_id=1700);

6.查询管理者是King的员工姓名和工资

SELECT last_name,salary FROM employees
WHERE manager_id IN (SELECT employee_id
    FROM employees WHERE last_name ='K_ing');

7.查询工资最高的员工的姓名，要求first_name和last_name显示为一列，列名为 姓.名

SELECT CONCAT(' ',first_name,'.',last_name) AS 'name'
FROM employees
WHERE salary = (
    SELECT MAX(salary)
    FROM employees
    );

3.5子查询经典案例

#1.查询工资最低的员工信息：last_name,salary

SELECT last_name,salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary=(SELECT MIN(salary)
              FROM employees);

#2.查询平均工资最低的部门信息

SELECT * FROM departments
WHERE department_id =(SELECT department_id FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id ORDER BY AVG(salary) LIMIT 1);

#3.查询平均工资最低的部门信息和该部门的平均工资

SELECT d.* , av.a
       FROM departments d
INNER JOIN (SELECT AVG(salary) a,department_id FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id ORDER BY a LIMIT 1) av
ON av.department_id=d.department_id;

#4.查询平均工资最高的job信息

SELECT * FROM jobs
WHERE job_id =(
SELECT job_id FROM employees
GROUP BY job_id ORDER BY AVG(salary) DESC LIMIT 1)

#5.查询平均工资高于公司平均工资的部门有哪些？

SELECT AVG(salary) a,department_id
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id
HAVING a > (
SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees);

#6.查询出公司中所有manager的详细信息。

SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE employee_id IN (
    SELECT DISTINCT manager_id FROM employees
    );

#7.各个部门中最高工资中最低的那个部门的最低工资是多少？

SELECT salary FROM employees
WHERE department_id =
(SELECT department_id
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id
ORDER BY MAX(salary)
LIMIT 1)
ORDER BY salary LIMIT 1;

#8.查询平均工资最高的部门manager的详细信息：last_name,department_id,email,salary

SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE employee_id =
(SELECT manager_id FROM departments
WHERE department_id = (
SELECT department_id
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id
ORDER BY MAX(salary) DESC
LIMIT 1));

4.联合查询

UNION联合 ：将多条查询语句的结果合并成一个结果
语法：
查询语句1
UNION
查询语句2
应用场景：
若是多张表，没有什么关联关系，但又想提取共同特征的数据反映在同一结果中，
使用UNION就非常适合的。

案例：

查询部门编号>90或邮箱包含a的员工信息

SELECT * FROM employees WHERE email LIKE '%a%'
UNION
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id>90;
阿星_Alex
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SQL学习指南是一本非常实用的学习资料，它提供了全面而系统的SQL知识。无论是初学者还是有一定SQL基础的人都可以从中受益。 首先，这本指南从SQL的基础知识入手，介绍了SQL的起源，关系型数据库管理系统的概念以及...

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