文件操作工具类 内部文件 外部文件

public class FileUtils {

    private static final String EXTERNAL_FILE_DIR = "/moliying_dir";
    private static final String EXTERNAL_CACHE_DIR = "/moliying_cache";
    public static boolean isExternalStorageWritable(){
        String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        //判断是否存在外部存储设备(可写)
        if(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)){
           return true;
        }
        return false;

    }

    public static boolean isExternalStorageReadable() {
        String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        //判断sdcard是否可读
        if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state) ||
                Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY.equals(state)) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 获取sdcard的根目录
     * @return
     */
    public static String getSDCardPath(){
        return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
    }

    /**
     * 获取外部存储的私有目录（4.4）
     * @param context
     * @return
     */
    public static File getExternalFilesDir(Context context){
        File file = context.getExternalFilesDir(null);
        if(file==null){
            file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+EXTERNAL_FILE_DIR);
        }
        return file;
    }

    /**
     * 获取外部存储的私有缓存目录（4.4）
     * @param context
     * @return
     */
    public static File getCacheDir(Context context){
        File file = context.getExternalCacheDir();
        if(file==null){
            file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+EXTERNAL_CACHE_DIR);
        }
        return file;
    }

    /**
     * 获取sdcard的可用空间大小
     * @return
     */
    public static long getFreeSpace(){
        return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getFreeSpace();
    }

    /**
     * 获取sdcard的总空间大小
     * @return
     */
    public static long getTotalSpace(){
        return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getTotalSpace();
    }
}

布局文件中对应的 按钮布局

  <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="写入私有数据"
        android:id="@+id/button_write_private"
        android:onClick="writeClick"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="读取私有数据"
        android:id="@+id/button2_read_private"
        android:onClick="readClick"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button_write_private"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="读取RAW文件"
        android:onClick="readRAWClick"
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2_read_private"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="assert文件"
        android:onClick="assertClick"
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="内部缓冲文件"
        android:onClick="innerCacheClick"
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="检查sdcard"
        android:onClick="checkSdCardClick"
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity中的代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }


    public void checkSdCardClick(View view){
       Log.i("sdcard",FileUtils.isExternalStorageWritable()+"-可写");
       Log.i("sdcard",FileUtils.isExternalStorageReadable()+"-可读");
        //获取sdcard上指定的目录：
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_ALARMS)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MOVIES)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PODCASTS)+"");
        Log.i("dir",Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_RINGTONES)+"");
    }
    /**
     * 内部缓存文件操作
     * 系统在内存低的情况下，会自动清除缓存，但通常我们应该自己维护缓存
     * 一般大小在1MB
     * @param view
     */
    public void innerCacheClick(View view){
        String rootpath = "http://www.baidu.com/image/";
        Log.i("cache",getCacheDir().toString());
        try {
            //创建一个临时文件（前缀，后缀，文件目录）
//            File file = File.createTempFile("url","tmp",getCacheDir());
//            File file1 = getCacheDir();
//            File aa = file1.listFiles();
            File file2 = new File(getCacheDir()+"/xxxxxx.tmp");
            BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file2));
            bos.write("今天下雨了".getBytes());
            bos.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void assertClick(View v){
        //只读
        AssetManager am = getAssets();
        try {
            InputStream in = am.open("my.txt");
            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(in);
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            int len = -1;
            try {
                while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                    buf.append(new String(bytes, 0, len));
                }
                bis.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, buf, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 读取RAW文件(只读)
     *
     * @param v
     */
    public void readRAWClick(View v) {

        BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.my));
        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len = -1;
        try {
            while ((len = in.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                buf.append(new String(bytes, 0, len));
            }
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, buf, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    public void writeClick(View view) {
        String info = "程序员好帅";
        try {
            BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(openFileOutput("mly", Context.MODE_PRIVATE));
            out.write(info.getBytes());
            out.close();
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "write success", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void readClick(View view) {
        try {
            BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(openFileInput("mly"));
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024 * 100];
            int len = -1;
            while ((len = in.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                buf.append(new String(bytes, 0, len));
            }
            in.close();
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, buf, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}