课程大纲
1、term vector介绍
获取document中的某个field内的各个term的统计信息
term information: term frequency in the field, term positions, start and end offsets, term payloads
term statistics: 设置term_statistics=true; total term frequency, 一个term在所有document中出现的频率; document frequency，有多少document包含这个term
field statistics: document count，有多少document包含这个field; sum of document frequency，一个field中所有term的df之和; sum of total term frequency，一个field中的所有term的tf之和
GET /twitter/tweet/1/_termvectors
GET /twitter/tweet/1/_termvectors?fields=text
term statistics和field statistics并不精准，不会被考虑有的doc可能被删除了
我告诉大家，其实很少用，用的时候，一般来说，就是你需要对一些数据做探查的时候。比如说，你想要看到某个term，某个词条，大话西游，这个词条，在多少个document中出现了。或者说某个field，film_desc，电影的说明信息，有多少个doc包含了这个说明信息。
2、index-time term vector实验
term vector，涉及了很多的term和field相关的统计信息，有两种方式可以采集到这个统计信息
（1）index-time，你在mapping里配置一下，然后建立索引的时候，就直接给你生成这些term和field的统计信息了
（2）query-time，你之前没有生成过任何的Term vector信息，然后在查看term vector的时候，直接就可以看到了，会on the fly，现场计算出各种统计信息，然后返回给你
这一讲，不会手敲任何命令，直接copy我做好的命令，因为这一讲的重点，不是掌握什么搜索或者聚合的语法，而是说，掌握，如何采集term vector信息，然后如何看懂term vector信息，你能掌握利用term vector进行数据探查
创建mappings
| PUT /my_index { "mappings": { "my_type": { "properties": { "text": { "type": "text", "term_vector": "with_positions_offsets_payloads", "store" : true, "analyzer" : "fulltext_analyzer"//使用自定义的分词器 }, "fullname": { "type": "text", "analyzer" : "fulltext_analyzer" } } } }, "settings" : { "index" : { "number_of_shards" : 1, "number_of_replicas" : 0 }, "analysis": { "analyzer": { "fulltext_analyzer": {//自定义的分词器 "type": "custom", "tokenizer": "whitespace", "filter": [ "lowercase", "type_as_payload" ] } } } } }
结果： { "acknowledged": true, "shards_acknowledged": true } |
插入测试数据
| PUT /my_index/my_type/1 { "fullname" : "Leo Li", "text" : "hello test test test " }
PUT /my_index/my_type/2 { "fullname" : "Leo Li", "text" : "other hello test ..." }
结果： { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_id": "2", "_version": 1, "result": "created", "_shards": { "total": 1, "successful": 1, "failed": 0 }, "created": true } |
深入探查测试
| GET /my_index/my_type/1/_termvectors { "fields" : ["text"], "offsets" : true, "payloads" : true, "positions" : true, "term_statistics" : true, "field_statistics" : true } 结果 { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_id": "1", "_version": 1, "found": true, "took": 10, "term_vectors": { "text": { "field_statistics": { "sum_doc_freq": 6, //所有的doc 中的doc_freq加起来 "doc_count": 2,//意思是：test 这个field 存在多少doc中 "sum_ttf": 8//所有的doc 中的ttf加起来 }, "terms": { "hello": { "doc_freq": 2,//有两个doc 包含这个term "ttf": 2,//hello 这个词在所有doc中出现了几次 "term_freq": 1,//这个hello在当前这个doc中出现了几次 "tokens": [//一个hello 在一个field 中可能出现多次，每出现一次就是一个token { "position": 0,//位于第0个词 "start_offset": 0,//开始位置 "end_offset": 5//结束位置, "payload": "d29yZA=="//这是一个编码 } ] }, "test": { "doc_freq": 2, //有两个doc 包含这个term "ttf": 4, //test 这个词在所有doc中出现了4次 "term_freq": 3, //这个hello在当前这个doc中出现了3次 "tokens": [[//一个test 在一个field 中可能出现多次，每出现一次就是一个token { "position": 1, "start_offset": 6, "end_offset": 10, "payload": "d29yZA==" }, { "position": 2, "start_offset": 11, "end_offset": 15, "payload": "d29yZA==" }, { "position": 3, "start_offset": 16, "end_offset": 20, "payload": "d29yZA==" } ] } } } } }
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3、query-time term vector实验
| GET /my_index/my_type/1/_termvectors { "fields" : ["fullname"], "offsets" : true, "positions" : true, "term_statistics" : true, "field_statistics" : true }
结果： { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_id": "1", "_version": 1, "found": true, "took": 13, "term_vectors": { "fullname": { "field_statistics": { "sum_doc_freq": 4, "doc_count": 2, "sum_ttf": 4 }, "terms": { "leo": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 2, "term_freq": 1, "tokens": [ { "position": 0, "start_offset": 0, "end_offset": 3 } ] }, "li": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 2, "term_freq": 1, "tokens": [ { "position": 1, "start_offset": 4, "end_offset": 6 } ] } } } } } |
一般来说，如果条件允许，你就用query time的term vector就可以了，你要探查什么数据，现场去探查一下就好了
4、手动指定doc的term vector
| GET /my_index/my_type/_termvectors { "doc" : { "fullname" : "Leo Li", "text" : "hello test test test" }, "fields" : ["text"], "offsets" : true, "payloads" : true, "positions" : true, "term_statistics" : true, "field_statistics" : true } 结果： { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_version": 0, "found": true, "took": 1, "term_vectors": { "text": { "field_statistics": { "sum_doc_freq": 6, "doc_count": 2, "sum_ttf": 8 }, "terms": { "hello": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 2, "term_freq": 1, "tokens": [ { "position": 0, "start_offset": 0, "end_offset": 5 } ] }, "test": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 4, "term_freq": 3, "tokens": [ { "position": 1, "start_offset": 6, "end_offset": 10 }, { "position": 2, "start_offset": 11, "end_offset": 15 }, { "position": 3, "start_offset": 16, "end_offset": 20 } ] } } } } } |
手动指定一个doc，实际上不是要指定doc，而是要指定你想要安插的词条，hello test，那么就可以放在一个field中
将这些term分词，然后对每个term，都去计算它在现有的所有doc中的一些统计信息
这个挺有用的，可以让你手动指定要探查的term的数据情况，你就可以指定探查“大话西游”这个词条的统计信息
5、手动指定analyzer来生成term vector
| GET /my_index/my_type/_termvectors { "doc" : { "fullname" : "Leo Li", "text" : "hello test test test" }, "fields" : ["text"], "offsets" : true, "payloads" : true, "positions" : true, "term_statistics" : true, "field_statistics" : true, "per_field_analyzer" : { "text": "standard" } } 结果： { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_version": 0, "found": true, "took": 0, "term_vectors": { "text": { "field_statistics": { "sum_doc_freq": 6, "doc_count": 2, "sum_ttf": 8 }, "terms": { "hello": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 2, "term_freq": 1, "tokens": [ { "position": 0, "start_offset": 0, "end_offset": 5 } ] }, "test": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 4, "term_freq": 3, "tokens": [ { "position": 1, "start_offset": 6, "end_offset": 10 }, { "position": 2, "start_offset": 11, "end_offset": 15 }, { "position": 3, "start_offset": 16, "end_offset": 20 } ] } } } } } |
6、terms filter
| GET /my_index/my_type/_termvectors { "doc" : { "fullname" : "Leo Li", "text" : "hello test test test" }, "fields" : ["text"], "offsets" : true, "payloads" : true, "positions" : true, "term_statistics" : true, "field_statistics" : true, "filter" : { "max_num_terms" : 3, "min_term_freq" : 1, "min_doc_freq" : 1 } } 结果： { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_version": 0, "found": true, "took": 1, "term_vectors": { "text": { "field_statistics": { "sum_doc_freq": 6, "doc_count": 2, "sum_ttf": 8 }, "terms": { "hello": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 2, "term_freq": 1, "tokens": [ { "position": 0, "start_offset": 0, "end_offset": 5 } ], "score": 1 }, "test": { "doc_freq": 2, "ttf": 4, "term_freq": 3, "tokens": [ { "position": 1, "start_offset": 6, "end_offset": 10 }, { "position": 2, "start_offset": 11, "end_offset": 15 }, { "position": 3, "start_offset": 16, "end_offset": 20 } ], "score": 3 } } } } } |
这个就是说，根据term统计信息，过滤出你想要看到的term vector统计结果
也挺有用的，比如你探查数据把，可以过滤掉一些出现频率过低的term，就不考虑了
7、multi term vector
| GET _mtermvectors { "docs": [ { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_id": "2", "term_statistics": true }, { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "_id": "1", "fields": [ "text" ] } ] }
GET /my_index/_mtermvectors { "docs": [ { "_type": "test", "_id": "2", "fields": [ "text" ], "term_statistics": true }, { "_type": "test", "_id": "1" } ] }
GET /my_index/my_type/_mtermvectors { "docs": [ { "_id": "2", "fields": [ "text" ], "term_statistics": true }, { "_id": "1" } ] }
GET /_mtermvectors { "docs": [ { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "doc" : { "fullname" : "Leo Li", "text" : "hello test test test" } }, { "_index": "my_index", "_type": "my_type", "doc" : { "fullname" : "Leo Li", "text" : "other hello test ..." } } ] }
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