前言
昨天徒弟终于能把rn工程跑起来了,高兴还没一天,今天在哀嚎着找到我……
徒弟说,“我就在application里的attachBaseContext初始化sdk,把application作为对象传进去,里面拿着这个对象去获取context”
application.getApplicationContext()
“为什么这个值是null呢?我其他地方拿都是正常可以拿到的啊!!!!”
@Override
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
super.attachBaseContext(base);
initSDK(this);
}
哎,今天又是一个徒弟哀嚎的日子。
问题
以一个简单的demo来说明问题
public class MyApplication extends Application {
private static final String TAG = "MyApplication";
@Override
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
super.attachBaseContext(base);
Log.i(TAG, "attachBaseContext: " + getApplicationContext());
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
Log.i(TAG, "onCreate 0: " + getApplicationContext());
super.onCreate();
Log.i(TAG, "onCreate 1: " + getApplicationContext());
}
}
demo输出的日志结果为
2022-01-11 14:57:38.310 19159-19159/com.tomes.testdemo I/MyApplication: attachBaseContext: null
2022-01-11 14:57:38.314 19159-19159/com.tomes.testdemo I/MyApplication: onCreate 0: com.tomes.testdemo.MyApplication@5f12967
2022-01-11 14:57:38.314 19159-19159/com.tomes.testdemo I/MyApplication: onCreate 1: com.tomes.testdemo.MyApplication@5f12967
从结果上来看,attachBaseContext里application去调用getApplicationContext就为null,只要执行完attachBaseContext,如在onCreate里则能通过getApplicationContext获取到context
分析
那我们看看getApplicationContext的具体实现
这里以Android 10的源码为例
getApplicationContext()的真正实现是在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ContextImpl.java
@Override
public Context getApplicationContext() {
return (mPackageInfo != null) ?
mPackageInfo.getApplication() : mMainThread.getApplication();
}
final @NonNull LoadedApk mPackageInfo;
private ContextImpl(@Nullable ContextImpl container, @NonNull ActivityThread mainThread,
……
mPackageInfo = packageInfo;
……
}
接下来我们看看mPackageInfo.getApplication()为什么为null,他的实现在
frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/LoadedApk.java
Application getApplication() {
return mApplication;
}
查看mApplication赋值的位置
@UnsupportedAppUsage
public Application makeApplication(boolean forceDefaultAppClass, Instrumentation instrumentation) {
……
Application app = null;
String appClass = mApplicationInfo.className;
if (forceDefaultAppClass || (appClass == null)) {
appClass = "android.app.Application";
}
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader();
if (!mPackageName.equals("android")) {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER,
"initializeJavaContextClassLoader");
initializeJavaContextClassLoader();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
}
ContextImpl appContext = ContextImpl.createAppContext(mActivityThread, this);
app = mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.newApplication(
cl, appClass, appContext);
appContext.setOuterContext(app);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.onException(app, e)) {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to instantiate application " + appClass
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
mActivityThread.mAllApplications.add(app);
mApplication = app;
……
}
我们看看app的赋值处mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.newApplication(),他的实现是在
frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Instrumentation.java
public Application newApplication(ClassLoader cl, String className, Context context)
throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException,
ClassNotFoundException {
Application app = getFactory(context.getPackageName())
.instantiateApplication(cl, className);
app.attach(context);//继续跟该方法
return app;
}
frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Application.java
/**
* @hide
*/
@UnsupportedAppUsage
/* package */ final void attach(Context context) {
attachBaseContext(context);//这里调到我们demo里继承了Application MyApplication的attachBaseContext方法
mLoadedApk = ContextImpl.getImpl(context).mPackageInfo;
}
这里还没有将app的赋值操作mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.newApplication()执行完毕,我们就在里面的内部实现去拿这个还没赋值的mApplication,这怎么可能拿得到呢?
为了方便大家理解,整理以下流程
mApplication赋值流程
getApplicationContext调用流程
解决方法
方法一:
注意开发规范,不要在attachBaseContext生命周期里使用getApplicationContext。
如果一定要在attachBaseContext生命周期里拿到context,这时可以用户自定的Application对象【因为application也是context的子类】,或使用重写attachBaseContext方法时Application传过来的context参数
方法二:
在用户自定义的Application中重写getApplicationContext方法,返回自定义的Application对象
@Override
public Context getApplicationContext() {
return this;
}