JavaWeb之Tomcat&Servlet&Request

 

Tomcat 

 

 

 

 

Servlet 

 

 

package cn.itcast.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;


public class ServletDemo implements Servlet {
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig servletConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("Hello Servlet");

    }

    @Override
    public String getServletInfo() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

web.xml配置Servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <!--配置servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>cn.itcast.web.servlet.ServletDemo</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/demo</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

执行原理 

 

 

生命周期

package cn.itcast.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ServletDemo2 implements Servlet {
    //初始化方法,在Servlet被创建时执行只执行一次
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig servletConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("init----------");

    }

    @Override
    public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
        return null;
    }
    //提供服务的方法,执行多次
    @Override
    public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("service----------");

    }

    @Override
    public String getServletInfo() {
        return null;
    }
    //销毁方法,服务器关闭时执行,一次
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("destroy---------");

    }
}

 创建时机

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <!--配置servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>cn.itcast.web.servlet.ServletDemo</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/demo</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>cn.itcast.web.servlet.ServletDemo2</servlet-class>

        <!-- 配置Servlet的创建时机
        第一次被访问时,值为负数
        服务器启动时创建,值为0或者正整数
        -->
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/demo2</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

Servlet 3.0

 

package cn.itcast.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/demo")
public class ServletDemo implements Servlet {
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig servletConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("Servlet3.0---------");
    }

    @Override
    public String getServletInfo() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

Servlet-urlpartten

package cn.itcast.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/*
urlpartten配置

 */
//@WebServlet({"/d4","/dd4","/ddd4"})
//@WebServlet("user/demo4")
//@WebServlet("user/*")
@WebServlet("*.do")
public class ServletDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo4...");
    }
}

 HTTP

 

 

 

 

 

Request 

原理

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo")
public class RequestDemo extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
           /*
            1. 获取请求方式 :GET
                * String getMethod()
            2. (*)获取虚拟目录:/day14
                * String getContextPath()
            3. 获取Servlet路径: /requestDemo1
                * String getServletPath()
            4. 获取get方式请求参数:name=zhangsan
                * String getQueryString()
            5. (*)获取请求URI:/day14/demo1
                * String getRequestURI():		/day14/requestDemo1
                * StringBuffer getRequestURL()  :http://localhost/day14/requestDemo1
            6. 获取协议及版本:HTTP/1.1
                * String getProtocol()

            7. 获取客户机的IP地址:
                * String getRemoteAddr()

         */
        //1. 获取请求方式 :GET
        String method = request.getMethod();
        System.out.println(method);
        //2.(*)获取虚拟目录:/day14
        String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
        System.out.println(contextPath);
        //3. 获取Servlet路径: /demo1
        String servletPath = request.getServletPath();
        System.out.println(servletPath);
        //4. 获取get方式请求参数:name=zhangsan
        String queryString = request.getQueryString();
        System.out.println(queryString);
        //5.(*)获取请求URI:/day14/demo1
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
        StringBuffer requestURL = request.getRequestURL();
        System.out.println(requestURI);
        System.out.println(requestURL);
        //6. 获取协议及版本:HTTP/1.1
        String protocol = request.getProtocol();
        System.out.println(protocol);
        //7. 获取客户机的IP地址:
        String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
        System.out.println(remoteAddr);
    }
}

 请求头数据

获取所有请求头名称 

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo02")
public class RequestDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据

        //1.获取所有请求头名称
        Enumeration<String> headerNames = request.getHeaderNames();
        //2.遍历
        while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()){
            String name = headerNames.nextElement();
            //根据名称获取请求头的值
            String value = request.getHeader(name);
            System.out.println(name+"---"+value);
        }

    }
}

获取请求头数据:user-agent 

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo3")
public class RequestDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据:user-agent

        String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
        //判断agent的浏览器版本
        if(agent.contains("Chrome")){
            //谷歌
            System.out.println("谷歌来了...");
        }else if(agent.contains("Firefox")){
            //火狐
            System.out.println("火狐来了...");
        }

    }
}

获取请求头数据:referer

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo04")
public class RequestDemo04 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //演示获取请求头数据:referer

        String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
        System.out.println(referer);//http://localhost/day8/login.html
        //防盗链
        if(referer != null ){
            if(referer.contains("/day8")){
                //正常访问
                // System.out.println("播放电影....");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("播放电影....");
            }else{
                //盗链
                //System.out.println("想看电影吗?来优酷吧...");
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
                response.getWriter().write("想看电影吗?来优酷吧...");
            }
        }

    }
}

请求体数据 

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo05")
public class RequestDemo05 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.获取字符流
        BufferedReader br = request.getReader();
        //2.读取数据
        String line = null;
        while((line = br.readLine()) != null){
            System.out.println(line);
        }

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
}

 regist.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>注册</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="/day8/requestDemo05" method="post">
        <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名"><br>
        <input type="text" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码"><br>
        <input type="submit" value="注册">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

其他功能

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo6")
public class RequestDemo6 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //post 获取请求参数

        //根据参数名称获取参数值
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
       /* System.out.println("post");
        System.out.println(username);*/

       //根据参数名称获取参数值的数组
        String[] hobbies = request.getParameterValues("hobby");
        /*for (String hobby : hobbies) {
            System.out.println(hobby);
        }*/

        //获取所有请求的参数名称

        Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames();
        /*while(parameterNames.hasMoreElements()){
            String name = parameterNames.nextElement();
            System.out.println(name);
            String value = request.getParameter(name);
            System.out.println(value);
            System.out.println("----------------");
        }*/

        // 获取所有参数的map集合
        Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
        //遍历
        Set<String> keyset = parameterMap.keySet();
        for (String name : keyset) {
            
            //获取键获取值
            String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
            System.out.println(name);
            for (String value : values) {
                System.out.println(value);
            }

            System.out.println("-----------------");
        }


    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //get 获取请求参数
/*
        //根据参数名称获取参数值
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("get");
        System.out.println(username);*/

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

中文乱码

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo7")
public class RequestDemo7 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.设置流的编码
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        //获取请求参数username
        String username = request.getParameter("username");

        System.out.println(username);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

请求转发和共享数据

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo8")
public class RequestDemo8 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("demo8888被访问了。。。");
        //转发到demo9资源
/*
        RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/requestDemo9");
        requestDispatcher.forward(request,response);
        */

        //存储数据到request域中
        request.setAttribute("msg","hello");

        request.getRequestDispatcher("/requestDemo9").forward(request,response);
        //request.getRequestDispatcher("http://www.itcast.cn").forward(request,response);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}
package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo9")
public class RequestDemo9 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //获取数据
        Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);

        System.out.println("demo9999被访问了。。。");

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

 ServletContext

package cn.itcast.web.request;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/requestDemo10")
public class RequestDemo10 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {


        ServletContext servletContext = request.getServletContext();

        System.out.println(servletContext);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

 

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