netty(七):netty断线重连（心跳检测机制）

1. 介绍

断线重连就是过一段时间连接一次，客户端缓存一定量的数据以后一次性发送。

适合客户端数量多，且需要传递的数据量级较大。可以周期性的发送数据的时候，使用。要求对数据的即时性不高的时候，才可使用。

2. server端

使用了ReadTimeoutHandler(3)这个handler，并设置3秒的超时时间。表示超过3秒没有读到数据就断开连接。

package com.qianliu.server;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.ReadTimeoutHandler;

public class ServerTimer {
    // 监听线程组，监听客户端请求
    private EventLoopGroup acceptorGroup = null;
    // 处理客户端相关操作线程组，负责处理与客户端的数据通讯
    private EventLoopGroup clientGroup = null;
    // 服务启动相关配置信息
    private ServerBootstrap bootstrap = null;
    public ServerTimer(){
        init();
    }

    private void init(){
        acceptorGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        clientGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
        // 绑定线程组
        bootstrap.group(acceptorGroup, clientGroup);
        // 设定通讯模式为NIO
        bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
        // 设定缓冲区大小
        bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
        // SO_SNDBUF发送缓冲区，SO_RCVBUF接收缓冲区，SO_KEEPALIVE开启心跳监测（保证连接有效）
        bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_SNDBUF, 16*1024)
                .option(ChannelOption.SO_RCVBUF, 16*1024)
                .option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
        // 增加日志Handler，日志级别为info
        // bootstrap.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
    }

    public ChannelFuture doAccept(int port) throws InterruptedException{

        bootstrap.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {

            @Override
            protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringEncoder());
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder());
                // 定义一个定时断线处理器，当多长时间内，没有任何的可读取数据，自动断开连接。
                // 构造参数，就是间隔时长。 默认的单位是秒。
                // 自定义间隔时长单位。 new ReadTimeoutHandler(long times, TimeUnit unit);
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new ReadTimeoutHandler(3));
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new ServerTimerHandler());
            }
        });
        ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(port).sync();
        return future;
    }

    public void release(){
        this.acceptorGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        this.clientGroup.shutdownGracefully();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        ChannelFuture future = null;
        ServerTimer server = null;
        try{
            server = new ServerTimer();
            future = server.doAccept(9999);
            System.out.println("server started.");

            future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }catch(InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if(null != future){
                try {
                    future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            if(null != server){
                server.release();
            }
        }
    }
}

handler

package com.qianliu.server;

import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.EventExecutorGroup;

public class ServerTimerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    // 业务处理逻辑
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("from client : " + (String) msg);

        ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("ok".getBytes()));
    }

    // 异常处理逻辑
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("server exceptionCaught method run...");
        // cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }

}

3. client端

WriteTimeoutHandler(3)这个handler的是3秒内不写入数据就断开连接。

主函数中写入3条数据， 然后等待5秒，此时会断开连接，然后重连写入数据。

package com.qianliu.client;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.WriteTimeoutHandler;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class ClientTimer {
    // 处理请求和处理服务端响应的线程组
    private EventLoopGroup group = null;
    // 服务启动相关配置信息
    private Bootstrap bootstrap = null;
    private ChannelFuture future = null;

    public ClientTimer(){
        init();
    }

    private void init(){
        group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
        // 绑定线程组
        bootstrap.group(group);
        // 设定通讯模式为NIO
        bootstrap.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
        // bootstrap.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
    }

    public void setHandlers() throws InterruptedException{
        this.bootstrap.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {

            @Override
            protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringEncoder());
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder());
                // 写操作自定断线。 在指定时间内，没有写操作，自动断线。
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new WriteTimeoutHandler(3));
                ch.pipeline().addLast(new ClientTimerHandler());
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 重新连接可能是future不在active状态，也坑是第一次创建的连接
     * @param host
     * @param port
     * @return
     * @throws InterruptedException
     */
    public ChannelFuture getChannelFuture(String host, int port) throws InterruptedException{
        if(future == null){
            future = this.bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
        }
        if(!future.channel().isActive()){
            future = this.bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
        }
        return future;
    }

    public void release(){
        this.group.shutdownGracefully();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClientTimer client = null;
        ChannelFuture future = null;
        try{
            client = new ClientTimer();
            client.setHandlers();

            future = client.getChannelFuture("localhost", 9999);

            // 循环写入数据
            for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
                future.channel().writeAndFlush("hello,"+i);
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
            }

            //5秒不写入数据，断线
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);

            future = client.getChannelFuture("localhost", 9999);

            future.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello,finnally".getBytes()));
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if(null != future){
                try {
                    future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(null != client){
                client.release();
            }
        }
    }
}

handler:channelActive这个方法再一次连接中只会调用一次，断开连接后重连会再次调用

package com.qianliu.client;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.concurrent.EventExecutorGroup;

public class ClientTimerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("from server :  "+ msg.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("client exceptionCaught method run...");
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }

    /**
     * 当连接建立成功后，出发的代码逻辑。
     * 在一次连接中只运行唯一一次。
     * 通常用于实现连接确认和资源初始化的。
     */
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("client channel active");
    }
}

4. 测试

server

client