DAO、DTO、Service的概念

DAO、DTO、Service的概念

DTO(Data Transfer Object)

DTO是各种流程中承载数据的对象。由于远端取数据时消耗大,最好减少请求的调用数量。因此,需创建一个 Data Transfer Object 包含一次请求中所有需要的数据。这个对象需要是可序列化的,以在各种连接中都能被传递。通常在服务器端使用一个汇编器,在DTO和域对象之间传输数据。DTO对象中,通常只有字段和getter、setter。

DAO(Data Access Object)

一个DAO抽象并封装了对数据源的访问。DAO管理与数据源的连接以获取和储存数据。

DAO实现与数据源工作所需的访问机制。数据源可以是RDBMS之类的持久性储存,也可以是通过REST或SOAP访问的业务服务。

DAO会将服务对象抽象出底层的数据访问实现,以实现对数据源的访问。服务还将数据加载、存储操作委托给DAO。

Service

应用程序需要为你使用的实体所做的工作(数据的读取、更新等等),交由服务处理。它涉及输入和储存数据的计算,验证从实现中传输过来的数据,以及决定如何调度数据逻辑。

服务层从客户层的角度定义了应用程序的边界和可用的操作集。它封装了应用程序的业务逻辑,在实现其操作时控制事务以及协调相应。

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