docker基本使用

安装docker

~]# yum install -y wget
~]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
~]# yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
~]# systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
~]# docker --version

设置docker仓库地址(master、node)

~]# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

~]# systemctl daemon-reload
~]# systemctl restart docker

常用操作

docker pull tomcat #拉取镜像
docker run -p 8080:8080 tomcat	#运行镜像

docker rmi -f 镜像ID	#删除镜像
docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa)	#删除所有镜像
docker rm -f $(docker ps -qa)		#删除所有容器

查看容器日志

docker logs -f -t --tail=10 容器ID	

查看镜像或容器详细信息

docker inspect 镜像ID

在主机执行docker命令

docker exec -t 镜像ID ls -l /tmp

提交镜像

docker commit -a="zzyy" -m="tomcat without docs" 镜像ID atguigu/mytomcat:1.2
docker commit -a="jyr" -m="tomcat with index" tomcat jiang/mytomcat:1.2

Dockerfile编写

FROM centos
VOLUME ["/dataVolumeContainer1","/dataVolumeContainer2"]
CMD echo "finished,-----success1"
CMD /bin/bash

说明，VOLUME挂载目录，如果run时没有指定宿主机目录，宿主机将会有一个默认的挂载目录，使用docker inspect查看

在有Dockerfile的目录构建镜像

docker build -t jiang/mycentos .

使用RUN指令

FROM centos
MAINTAINER ZZYY<zzyy167@126.com>
ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH
RUN yum -y install vim
RUN yum -y install net-tools
EXPOSE 80
CMD echo $MYPATH
CMD echo "success----------------ok"
CMD /bin/bash

构建

docker build -t mycentos:1.3 .

运行

docker run -it mycentos:1.3

推送

$ sudo docker login --username=jiang.yerui@163.com registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
$ sudo docker tag [ImageId] registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/jiangyr/mycentos:[镜像版本号]
$ sudo docker push registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/jiangyr/mycentos:[镜像版本号]

使用CMD指令

FROM centos
RUN yum install -y curl
CMD ["curl","-s","http://ip.cn"]

综合指令

FROM centos
MAINTAINER zzyy<zzyybs@126.com>
COPY c.txt /usr/local/cincontainer.txt	#把主机当前目录下的c.txt拷贝到容器的/usr/local/路径下
ADD jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/	#把JDK解压并添加到容器中
ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz /usr/local/
RUN yum -y install vim
ENV MYPATH /usr/local	
WORKDIR $MYPATH		#设定工作访问时的默认路径
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171		#配置JAVA和TOMCAT环境变量
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.8
ENV CATALINA_BASE /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.8
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/bin
EXPOSE 8080	#容器运行时的监听端口
#ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.8/bin/startup.sh"]	#启动时运行TOMCAT
#CMD ["/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.8/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.8/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/catalina.out

运行mysql

docker run -p 12345:3306 --name mysql
-v /zzyyuse/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d
-v /zzyyuse/mysql/logs:/logs
-v /zzyyuse/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
-d mysql:5.6

备份数据库

docker exec 容器ID sh -c ' exec mysqldump --all-databases -uroot -p123456 > /zzyyuse/all-databases.sql

安装redis

docker run -p 6379:6379
-v /zzyyuse/myredis/data:/data
-v /zzyyues/myredis/conf/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
-d redis:3.2 redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
--appendonly -yes	#启动持久化

提交镜像

docker commit -a zzyy -m"new mycentos" 容器ID mycentos:1.4

将镜像推送到registry

docker login --username=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
docker tag [ImageId] registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zzyybuy/mycentos:[镜像版本号]
docker push registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zzyybuy/mycentos:[镜像版本号]

拉取镜像

docker pull registry.cn-hagzhou.aliyuncs.com/zzyybuy/mycentos:[镜像版本号]